Temperature dependent x-ray diffraction studies have been carried out on nonstoichiometric lightly doped sodium tungsten bronze ( for ). The investigation reveals a structural modification around 230 K. Although the high and low temperature phases are monoclinic but at low temperature the corner sharing octahedra get significantly distorted due to displacement of tungsten and oxygen atoms from its mean position. This structural modification induces polaron formation in below 230 K.
REFERENCES
1.
C. G.
Granqvist
, Handbook of Inorganic Electrochromic Materials
(Elsevier
, Amsterdam
, 1995
).2.
P. M. S.
Monk
, R. J.
Mortimer
, and D. R.
Rosseinsky
, Electrochromism: Fundamentals and Applications
(VCH
, Weinheim
, 1995
).3.
J. B.
Goodenough
, in Solid State Chemistry
, edited by H.
Reiss
(Pergamon
, Oxford
, 1971
), Vol. 5
, pp. 145
–399
.4.
H. R.
Shanks
, P. H.
Slides
, and G. C.
Danielson
, Adv. Chem. Ser.
39
, 237
(1963
).5.
A. S.
Ribnick
, B.
Post
, and E.
Banks
, Adv. Chem. Ser.
39
, 246
(1963
).6.
S.
Tanisaki
, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
15
, 566
(1960
).7.
S.
Tanisaki
, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
15
, 573
(1960
).8.
B. O.
Loopstra
and P.
Boldrini
, Acta Crystallogr.
21
, 158
(1966
).9.
R.
Diehl
, G.
Brandt
, and E.
Salje
, Acta Crystallogr., Sect. B: Struct. Crystallogr. Cryst. Chem.
34
, 1105
(1978
).10.
E.
Salje
, Acta Crystallogr., Sect. B: Struct. Crystallogr. Cryst. Chem.
33
, 574
(1977
).11.
S.
Raj
, D.
Hashimoto
, H.
Matsui
, S.
Souma
, T.
Sato
, T.
Takahashi
, D. D.
Sarma
, P.
Mahadevan
, and S.
Oishi
, Phys. Rev. Lett.
96
, 147603
(2006
).12.
13.
R.
Shirley
, The Crysfire 2002 System for Automatic Powder Indexing: User’s Manual
(The Lattice
, England
, 2002
).14.
J.
Laugier
, and B.
Bochu
, LMGP-Suit of Programs for Interpretation of X-ray experiments, ENSP/Laboratoire des Materiaux et du Genie Physique, BP 46, 38042 Saint Martin d’Heres, France, 2004
.15.
A.
Le Bail
, H.
Duroy
, and J. L.
Fourquet
, Mater. Res. Bull.
23
, 447
(1988
).16.
A. C.
Larson
and R. B.
Von Dreele
, Los Alamos National Laboratory
LANSCE Report No. MS-H805, 1984
(unpublished).17.
A.
Boultif
and D.
Louer
, J. Appl. Crystallogr.
24
, 987
(1991
).18.
P.
Majumdar
and S.
Kumar
, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
74
, 216
(2005
) (Supplement).19.
S. J. L.
Billinge
, R. G.
DiFrancesco
, G. H.
Kwei
, J. J.
Neumeier
, and J. D.
Thompson
, Phys. Rev. Lett.
77
, 715
(1996
).20.
P. G.
Radaelli
, D. E.
Cox
, M.
Marezio
, S. -W.
Cheong
, P. E.
Schiffer
, and A. P.
Ramirez
, Phys. Rev. Lett.
75
, 4488
(1995
).21.
C. H.
Booth
, F.
Bridges
, G. H.
Kwei
, J. M.
Lawrence
, A. L.
Cornelius
, and J. J.
Neumeier
, Phys. Rev. Lett.
80
, 853
(1998
).© 2011 American Institute of Physics.
2011
American Institute of Physics
You do not currently have access to this content.
