Role of tungsten oxide in inverted polymer solar cells Available to Purchase

Tungsten oxide $(WO3)$ was inserted as an anode interfacial layer between the photoactive layer and top electrode in inverted polymer solar cells (PSCs) with nanocrystalline titanium dioxide as an electron selective layer. The device with $WO3$ exhibited a remarkable improvement in power conversion efficiency compared with that without $WO3$⁠, which indicated that $WO3$ efficiently prevented the recombination of charge carriers at the organic/top electrode interface. The dependence of the device performances on $WO3$ film thickness and different top metal electrodes was investigated. Transparent inverted PSCs with thermally evaporable $Ag/WO3$ as a transparent anode were also investigated when introducing a $WO3$ buffer layer.