Highly efficient tandem p-i-n white organic light emitting devices have been fabricated. Utilizing an optical transparent bilayer with doped organic p-n junction that consists of 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline: 2% cesium carbonate (Cs2CO3)N,N-bis(1-naphthyl)-N,N-diphenyl-1,1-biphenyl-4,4-diamine: 50% v/v tungsten oxide (WO3) as the connecting layer, the tandem p-i-n white device achieved an electroluminescence efficiency of 23.9cdA and a power efficiency of 7.8lmW at 20mAcm2 with a Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage coordinates of (0.30, 0.43). The electroluminescent color of this tandem p-i-n white organic light-emitting diode device will not change significantly with respect to drive current variation and forward viewing angle.

1.
J.
Kido
,
K.
Nagai
, and
K.
Okutama
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
64
,
815
(
1994
).
2.
P.
Destruel
,
P.
Jolinat
,
R.
Clergereaux
, and
J.
Farenc
,
J. Appl. Phys.
85
,
397
(
1999
).
3.
B. W.
D’Andrade
and
S. R.
Forrest
,
Adv. Mater. (Weinheim, Ger.)
16
,
1585
(
2004
).
4.
J.
Huang
,
M.
Pfeiffer
,
A.
Werner
,
J.
Blochwitz
,
S.
Liu
, and
K.
Leo
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
80
,
139
(
2002
).
5.
G. F.
He
,
O.
Schneider
,
D. S.
Qin
,
X.
Zhou
,
M.
Pfeiffer
, and
K.
Leo
,
J. Appl. Phys.
95
,
5773
(
2004
).
6.
L. S.
Liao
,
K. P.
Klubek
, and
C. W.
Tang
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
84
,
167
(
2004
).
7.
T. Y.
Cho
,
C. L.
Lin
, and
C. C.
Wu
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
88
,
111106
(
2006
).
8.
C. C.
Chang
,
J. F.
Chen
,
S. W.
Hwang
, and
C. H.
Chen
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
87
,
253501
(
2005
).
9.
F.
Guo
and
D.
Ma
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
87
,
173510
(
2004
).
10.
M. H.
Ho
,
S. F.
Hsu
,
J. W.
Ma
,
S. W.
Hwang
,
P. C.
Yeh
, and
C. H.
Chen
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
81
,
113518
(
2007
).
11.
M. T.
Lee
,
H. H.
Chen
,
C. H.
Tsai
,
C. H.
Liao
, and
C. H.
Chen
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
85
,
3301
(
2004
).
12.
P. M.
Borsenberger
,
L.
Pautmeier
,
R.
Richert
, and
H.
Bässler
,
J. Chem. Phys.
94
,
8276
(
1991
).
13.
C. C.
Chang
,
M. T.
Hsieh
,
J. F.
Chen
,
S. W.
Hwang
, and
C. H.
Chen
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
89
,
253504
(
2006
).
14.
S. Y.
Chen
,
T. Y.
Chu
,
J. F.
Chen
,
C. Y.
Su
, and
C. H.
Chen
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
89
,
053518
(
2006
).
15.
V.
Bulovic
,
V. B.
Khalfin
,
G.
Gu
,
P. E.
Burrows
,
D. Z.
Garbuzov
, and
S. R.
Forrest
,
Phys. Rev. B
58
,
3730
(
1998
).
16.
J. S.
Kim
,
P. K. H.
Ho
,
N. C.
Greenham
, and
R. H.
Friend
,
J. Appl. Phys.
88
,
1073
(
2000
).
17.
K.
Saxena
,
D. S.
Mehta
,
R.
Srivastava
, and
M. N.
Kamalasanan
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
89
,
061124
(
2006
).
You do not currently have access to this content.