The authors demonstrate the use of millisecond x-ray phase-contrast imaging for velocity measurement of particle-laden flows in an optically opaque vessel. Taking advantage of particle size polydispersity, this single-particle tracking approach is extremely effective on flows with tracer particles exhibiting a great size distribution ranging from to hundreds of micrometers, which is impossible for visible-light-based techniques. Furthermore, a tomographic reconstruction was applied to yield the three-dimensional flow velocity field and its particle size dependence with unprecedented sensitivity.
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