Cobalt-doped ZnO films were studied by magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy. A broad ferromagnetic MCD signal was observed between 1.4 and after exposure of paramagnetic films to zinc metal vapor, attributed to low-energy photoionization transitions originating from a spin-split donor impurity band in ferromagnetic -type .
REFERENCES
1.
J. K.
Furdyna
, J. Appl. Phys.
64
, R29
(1988
).2.
C.
Liu
, F.
Yun
, and H.
Morkoc
, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron.
16
, 555
(2005
).3.
W. H.
Brumage
, C. F.
Dorman
, and C. R.
Quade
, Phys. Rev. B
63
, 104411
(2001
);C. N. R.
Rao
and F. L.
Deepak
, J. Mater. Chem.
15
, 573
(2005
);S.
Kolesnik
, B.
Dabrowski
, and J.
Mais
, Phys. Status Solidi C
1
, 900
(2004
);A. S.
Risbud
, N. A.
Spaldin
, Z. Q.
Chen
, S.
Stemmer
, and R.
Seshadri
, Phys. Rev. B
68
, 205202
(2003
).4.
A. C.
Tuan
, J. D.
Bryan
, A. B.
Pakhomov
, V.
Shutthanadan
, S.
Thevuthasan
, D. E.
McCready
, D.
Gaspar
, M. H.
Engelhard
, J. W.
Rogers
, Jr., K.
Krishnan
, D. R.
Gamelin
, and S. A.
Chambers
, Phys. Rev. B
70
, 054424
(2004
).5.
K.
Rode
, A.
Anane
, R.
Mattana
, J. P.
-Contour
, O.
Durand
, and R.
LeBourgeois
, J. Appl. Phys.
93
, 7676
(2003
);M.
Venkatesan
, C. B.
Fitzgerald
, J. G.
Lunney
, and J. M. D.
Coey
, Phys. Rev. Lett.
93
, 177206
(2004
).
[PubMed]
6.
D. A.
Schwartz
and D. R.
Gamelin
, Adv. Mater. (Weinheim, Ger.)
16
, 2115
(2004
).7.
K.
Ando
, H.
Saito
, Z.
Jin
, T.
Fukumura
, M.
Kawasaki
, Y.
Matsumoto
, and H.
Koinuma
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
78
, 2700
(2001
).8.
W.
Pacuski
, D.
Ferrand
, J.
Cibert
, C.
Deparis
, J. A.
Gaj
, P.
Kossacki
, and C.
Morhain
, Phys. Rev. B
73
, 035214
(2006
).9.
D. A.
Schwartz
, N. S.
Norberg
, Q. P.
Nguyen
, J. M.
Parker
, and D. R.
Gamelin
, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
125
, 13205
(2003
).10.
K.
Ando
, H.
Saito
, V.
Zayets
, and M. C.
Debnath
, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
16
, S5541
(2004
).11.
T.
Fukumura
, Y.
Yamada
, K.
Tamura
, K.
Nakajima
, T.
Aoyama
, A.
Tsukazaki
, M.
Sumiya
, S.
Fuke
, Y.
Segawa
, T.
Chikyow
, T.
Hasegawa
, H.
Koinuma
, and M.
Kawasaki
, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 2
42
, L105
(2003
);H.
Toyosaki
, T.
Fukumura
, Y.
Yamada
, and M.
Kawasaki
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
86
, 182503
(2005
).12.
Polycrystalline films ( thick) of were prepared on quartz substrates and characterized as described previously.6 Exposure to Zn vapor was achieved by sealing the films and Zn powder in glass tubes under vacuum and annealing for at temperatures between 350 and . MCD, electronic absorption, and magnetic susceptibility data were collected as described previously.6,9
13.
H. A.
Weakliem
, J. Chem. Phys.
36
, 2117
(1962
).14.
D. G.
Thomas
, J. Phys. Chem. Solids
3
, 229
(1957
).15.
R. M.
de la Cruz
, R.
Pareja
, R.
González
, L. A.
Boatner
, and Y.
Chen
, Phys. Rev. B
45
, 6581
(1992
).16.
17.
K. J.
Yee
, R.
Chakarvorty
, W. L.
Lim
, X.
Liu
, M.
Kutrowski
, L. V.
Titova
, T.
Wojtowicz
, J. K.
Furdyna
, and M.
Dobrowolska
, J. Supercond.
18
, 131
(2005
).18.
H.
Saito
, V.
Zayets
, S.
Yamagata
, and K.
Ando
, Phys. Rev. Lett.
90
, 207202
(2003
).19.
K.
Ando
and H.
Munekata
, J. Magn. Magn. Mater.
272-276
, 2004
(2004
).20.
J. M. D.
Coey
, M.
Venkatesan
, and C. B.
Fitzgerald
, Nat. Mater.
4
, 173
(2005
).21.
K. R.
Kittilstved
, W. K.
Liu
, and D. R.
Gamelin
, Nat. Mater.
5
, 291
(2006
).22.
W. K.
Liu
, G. M.
Salley
, and D. R.
Gamelin
, J. Phys. Chem. B
109
, 14486
(2005
).23.
A.
Machida
, Y.
Morimoto
, and A.
Nakamura
, Phys. Rev. B
58
, R4281
(1998
).24.
D. R.
Gamelin
, E. L.
Bominaar
, M. L.
Kirk
, K.
Wieghardt
, and E. I.
Solomon
, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
118
, 8085
(1996
).25.
26.
M.
Kobayashi
, Y.
Ishida
, J. L.
Hwang
, T.
Mizokawa
, A.
Fujimori
, K.
Mamiya
, J.
Okamoto
, Y.
Takeda
, T.
Okane
, Y.
Saitoh
, Y.
Muramatsu
, A.
Tanaka
, H.
Saeki
, H.
Tabata
, and T.
Kawai
, Phys. Rev. B
72
, 201201
(2006
).© 2006 American Institute of Physics.
2006
American Institute of Physics
You do not currently have access to this content.
