Probe-typed carbon nanotube (CNT) point emitter was fabricated by attaching single-walled CNT (SWCNT) and double-walled CNT (DWCNT) bundles onto the atomic force microscope tip using dielectrophoresis method. The field emission current from SWCNT point emitter was at , which is corresponding to the emission current density of at least . The Fowler-Nordheim plots for the SWCNT and DWCNT point emitters revealed that the SWCNT bundle consists of more individual SWCNTs than DWCNT bundle and, as a result, the field emission performance of the SWCNT point emitter is better than the DWCNT point emitter. It is suggested that the probe-typed CNT point emitters can be used for microwave amplifiers and high-resolution electron-beam instruments.
REFERENCES
1.
L. A.
Chernozatonskii
, Y. V.
Gulyaev
, Z. J.
Kosakovskaja
, N. I.
Sinitsyn
, G. V.
Torgashov
, Y. F.
Zakharchenko
, E. A.
Fedorov
, and V. P.
Val’chuk
, Chem. Phys. Lett.
233
, 63
(1995
).2.
A. G.
Rinzler
, J. H.
Hafner
, P.
Nikolaev
, L.
Lou
, S. G.
Kim
, D.
Tománek
, P.
Nordlander
, D. T.
Colbert
, and R. E.
Smalley
, Science
269
, 1550
(1995
).3.
W. A.
De Heer
, A.
Châtelain
, and D.
Ugarte
, Science
270
, 1179
(1995
).4.
J. S.
Suh
, K. S.
Jeong
, J. S.
Lee
, and I.
Han
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
80
, 2392
(2002
).5.
S.
Fan
, M. G.
Chapline
, N. R.
Franklin
, T. W.
Tombler
, A. M.
Cassell
, and H.
Dai
, Science
283
, 512
(1999
).6.
H.
Gao
, C.
Mu
, F.
Wang
, D.
Xu
, K.
Wu
, Y.
Xie
, S.
Liu
, E.
Wang
, J.
Xu
, and D.
Yu
, J. Appl. Phys.
93
, 5602
(2003
).7.
J.-M.
Bonard
, H.
Kind
, T.
Stöckli
, and L.-O.
Nilsson
, Solid-State Electron.
45
, 893
(2001
).8.
N.
de Jonge
and J.-M.
Bonard
, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A
362
, 2239
(2004
).9.
N.
de Jonge
, Y.
Lamy
, K.
Schoots
, and T. H.
Oosterkamp
, Nature (London)
420
, 393
(2002
).10.
K. B. K.
Teo
, M.
Chhowalla
, G. A. J.
Amaratunga
, W. I.
Milne
, P.
Legagneux
, G.
Pirio
, L.
Gangloff
, D.
Pribat
, V.
Semet
, V. T.
Binh
, W. H.
Bruenger
, J.
Eichholz
, H.
Hanssen
, D.
Friedrich
, S. B.
Lee
, D. G.
Hasko
, and H.
Ahmed
, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
21
, 693
(2003
).11.
Y.
Cheng
, J.
Zhang
, Y. Z.
Lee
, B.
Gao
, S.
Dike
, W.
Lin
, J. P.
Lu
, and O.
Zhou
, Rev. Sci. Instrum.
75
, 3264
(2004
).12.
W. B.
Choi
, D. S.
Chung
, J. H.
Kang
, H. Y.
Kim
, Y. W.
Jin
, I. T.
Han
, Y. H.
Lee
, J. E.
Jung
, N. S.
Lee
, G. S.
Park
, and J. M.
Kim
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
75
, 3129
(1999
).13.
G. Z.
Yue
, Q.
Qiu
, B.
Gao
, Y.
Cheng
, J.
Zhang
, H.
Shimoda
, S.
Chang
, J. P.
Lu
, and O.
Zhou
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
81
, 355
(2002
).14.
T.
Utsumi
, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices
38
, 2276
(1991
).15.
J. Y.
Huang
, K.
Kempa
, S. H.
Jo
, S.
Chen
, and Z. F.
Ren
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
87
, 053110
(2005
).16.
H.-F.
Cheng
, Y.-M.
Tsau
, T. Y.
Chang
, T.-S.
Lai
, T.-F.
Kuo
, and I.-N.
Lin
, Physica B
323
, 158
(2002
).17.
G.
Zhang
, Z.
Zhang
, H.
Zhang
, J.
Sun
, S.
Hou
, X.
Zhao
, W.
Liu
, Z.
Xue
, Z.
Shi
, and Z.
Gu
, Appl. Surf. Sci.
195
, 20
(2002
).18.
M. S.
Wang
, J. Y.
Wang
, and L.-M.
Peng
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
88
, 243108
(2006
).19.
M. S.
Wang
, L.-M.
Peng
, J. Y.
Wang
, and Q.
Chen
, J. Phys. Chem. B
109
, 110
(2005
).20.
M. S.
Wang
, L.-M.
Peng
, J. Y.
Wang
, C. H.
Jin
, and Q.
Chen
, J. Phys. Chem. B
110
, 9397
(2006
).21.
L.-M.
Peng
, M.
Wang
, and J.
Wang
, Surf. Interface Anal.
38
, 1073
(2006
).22.
H. W.
Lee
, S. H.
Kim
, Y. K.
Kwak
, and C. S.
Han
, Rev. Sci. Instrum.
76
, 046108
(2005
).23.
H. W.
Lee
, S. H.
Kim
, Y. K.
Kwak
, E. S.
Lee
, and C. S.
Han
, Sens. Actuators, A
A125
, 41
(2005
).24.
W.
Zhu
, C.
Bower
, O.
Zhou
, G.
Kochanski
, and S.
Jin
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
75
, 873
(1999
).25.
R. G.
Forbes
, Solid-State Electron.
45
, 779
(2001
).26.
P. G.
Collins
and A.
Zettl
, Phys. Rev. B
55
, 9391
(1997
).27.
J.-M.
Bonard
, M.
Croci
, I.
Arfaoui
, O.
Noury
, D.
Sarangi
, and A.
Châtelain
, Diamond Relat. Mater.
11
, 763
(2002
).© 2006 American Institute of Physics.
2006
American Institute of Physics
You do not currently have access to this content.