Well-ordered large-area arrays of epitaxial ferroelectric $(Bi,La)4Ti3O12$ nanostructures fabricated by gold nanotube-membrane lithography Available to Purchase

Two-dimensionally well-ordered, large-area arrays of epitaxial, ferroelectric, La-substituted $Bi4Ti3O12$ (BLT) nanostructures are prepared using gold nanotube membranes as a liftoff mask. Epitaxial nanostructures with a height of about $65nm$ and a lateral size of about $150nm$⁠, with either (001) (“$c$-axis”) orientation, or mixed $(118)∕(100)$ (“non-$c$-axis”) orientation, are obtained on (001)- and (011)-oriented $SrTiO3$ substrates, respectively. The ferroelectric properties are probed by piezoresponse scanning force microscopy. Non-$c$-axis-oriented BLT nanostructures show an effective piezoresponse coefficient $(2dzz)$ of about $38.0pm∕V$⁠, whereas $c$-axis-oriented structures show one of only about $4.9pm∕V$⁠.