We have developed a multistep method to covalently link functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNT) to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) oligonucleotides. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to characterize the initial chemical modification to form amine-terminated MWNTs, which were then covalently combined with DNA. The morphology recorded by atomic force microscopy gave direct and explicit imaging of the resulting DNA-MWNT adducts, showing that chemical functionalization occurred at the ends and sidewalls of MWNTs. The present methodology is an important first step in realizing a DNA-guided self-assembly process for carbon nanotubes.
REFERENCES
1.
2.
3.
B. F.
Erlanger
, B. X.
Chen
, M.
Zhu
, and L.
Brus
, Nano Lett.
1
, 465
(2001
).4.
J. E.
Riggs
, Z.
Guo
, D. L.
Carroll
, and Y. P.
Sun
, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
122
, 5879
(2000
).5.
R. J.
Chen
, Y. G.
Zhan
, D. W.
Wang
, and H. J.
Dai
, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
123
, 3838
(2001
).6.
R.
Elghanian
, J. J.
Storhoff
, R. C.
Mucic
, R. L.
Letsinger
, and C. A.
Mirkin
, Science
277
, 1078
(1997
).7.
J. M.
Perez
, T.
O’Loughin
, F. J.
Simeone
, R.
Weissleder
, and L. J.
Josephson
, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
124
, 2856
(2002
).8.
C. M.
Soto
, A.
Srinivasan
, and B. R.
Ratna
, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
124
, 8508
(2002
).9.
Z.
Guo
, P. J.
Sadler
, and S. C.
Tsang
, Adv. Mater. (Weinheim, Ger.)
10
, 701
(1998
).10.
M.
Shim
, N. W. S.
Kan
, R. J.
Chen
, and H. J.
Dai
, Nano Lett.
2
, 285
(2002
).11.
E. B.
Sarah
, W.
Cai
, T. L.
Lasseter
, K. P.
Weidkamp
, and R. J.
Hamers
, Nano Lett.
2
, 1413
(2002
).12.
C.
Swyer
, M.
Guthold
, M.
Falvo
, S.
Washburn
, R.
Superfine
, and D.
Erie
, Nanotechnology
13
, 601
(2002
).13.
Z.
Guo
, P. J.
Sadler
, and S. C.
Tsang
, Adv. Mater. (Weinheim, Ger.)
10
, 701
(1998
).14.
K. A.
Williams
, P. T. M.
Veenhuizen
, B. G.
de la Torre
, R.
Eritja
, and C.
Dekker
, Nature (London)
420
, 761
(2002
).15.
J.
Liu
, A. G.
Rinzler
, H.
Dai
, J. H.
Hafner
, R. K.
Bradley
, P. H.
Boul
, A.
Lu
, T.
Iverson
, K.
Shelimov
, C. B.
Huffman
, F.
Rodriguez-Macias
, Y.
Shon
, T. R.
Lee
, D. T.
Colbert
, and R. E.
Smalley
, Science
280
, 1253
(1998
).16.
J. B.
Hendrikson
, D. J.
Cram
, and G. S.
Hammond
, in Organic Chemistry
3rd ed., edited by Z. Z.
Hugus
(New York: McGraw-Hill
, 1970
), Vol. 1
, Chap. 12, pp. 468
–471
.17.
S. S.
Wong
, A. T.
Woolley
, E.
Joselevich
, C. L.
Cheung
, and C. M.
Lieber
, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
120
, 8557
(1998
).18.
J. F.
Moulder
, W. F.
Stickle
, P. E.
Sobol
, and K. D.
Bomben
, Handbook of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
(Perkin–Elmer
, Eden Prairie, MN, 1992
).19.
Z.
Lin
, T.
Strother
, W.
Cai
, X.
Cao
, L. M.
Smith
, and R. J.
Hamers
, Langmuir
18
, 788
(2002
).20.
S. T.
Sabina
, L.
Stefan
, S.
Stephan
, N.
Jeremy
, B.
Axel
, D.
Harumut
, C.
Thomas
, and L.
Peter
, Genes, Chromosomes Cancer
20
, 399
(1997
).© 2005 American Institute of Physics.
2005
American Institute of Physics
You do not currently have access to this content.
