Optical and electro-optical properties of submicrometer lithium niobate slab waveguides prepared by crystal ion slicing and wafer bonding Available to Purchase

$LiNbO3$ thin film crystals have been produced using crystal ion slicing and wafer bonding. Films with a thickness of $680nm$ are produced on a thin layer of $SiO2$⁠, which is deposited on a substrate with electrodes. The crystalline and optical qualities of the fabricated thin films are investigated and are comparable to bulk $LiNbO3$ single crystals. The effect of thermal annealing is studied using Rutherford backscattering. The refractive indices and the electro-optical (EO) coefficient of the fabricated films are measured using prism coupling dark line spectroscopy and modified attenuated total reflection. The EO coefficient is equal to $r33=31pm∕V$ at $λ=633nm$⁠.