We fabricated a triode field emitter with a normal gate structure and a planar cathode of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs), which consisted of good quality graphitic sheets encapsulating metal (carbide) cores. For the quantitative analysis of the emission from the CNP triode emitter, we carried out a two-dimensional numerical calculation of electrostatic potential using the finite element method. As it turned out, a radial variation of electric field was very important to account for the emission from a planar emitting layer. By assuming the work function of 5 eV for CNPs, a set of consistent Fowler–Nordheim parameters, together with the radial position of emitting sites, were determined.

Topics
Work functions, Field emitter arrays, Triodes, Electrostatics, Finite-element analysis, Nanoparticle, Chemical compounds
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© 2002 American Institute of Physics.
2002
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