The phase-modulated beams technique is developed for nonlinear thin photorefractive films characterization. In the Raman–Nath diffraction approximation, the formulas are deduced, allowing us to measure the amplitude of phase grating recorded in a film and its nonlinear refractive index n2. The method is applied for studying Langmuir–Blodgett multilayer thin (∼0.6 μm) films of Bacteriorhodopsin at wavelength 633 nm.

1.
J. E.
Millerd
,
N. J.
Brock
,
M. S.
Brown
, and
P. A.
DeBarber
,
Opt. Lett.
20
,
626
(
1995
).
Google Scholar
 
2.
T.
Renner
and
N.
Hampp
,
Opt. Commun.
96
,
142
(
1993
).
Google Scholar
 
3.
Z.
Chen
,
A.
Lewis
,
H.
Takei
, and
I.
Nabenzahl
,
Appl. Opt.
30
,
5188
(
1991
).
Google Scholar
 
4.
D. Y.
Zang
and
J. E.
Millerd
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
69
,
3143
(
1996
).
Google Scholar
 
5.
J.
Joseph
,
F. J.
Aranda
,
D. V. G. L. N.
Rao
,
B. S.
DeCristofano
,
B. R.
Kimball
, and
M.
Nakashima
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
73
,
1484
(
1998
).
Google Scholar
 
6.
T.
Okamoto
,
I.
Yamaguchi
, and
K.
Yamagata
,
Opt. Lett.
22
,
337
(
1997
).
Google Scholar
 
7.
M.
Sheik-Bahae
,
A. A.
Said
,
T. H.
Wei
,
D. J.
Hagan
, and
E. W.
Van Stryland
,
IEEE J. Quantum Electron.
26
,
760
(
1990
).
Google Scholar
 
8.
S.
Hughes
and
J. M.
Burzler
,
Phys. Rev. A
56
,
R1104
(
1997
).
Google Scholar
 
9.
K. S.
Bindra
,
S. M.
Oak
, and
K. C.
Rustagi
,
Opt. Commun.
168
,
219
(
1999
).
Google Scholar
 
10.
G. I.
Stegeman
,
E. M.
Wright
,
N.
Finlayson
,
R.
Zanoni
, and
C. T.
Seaton
,
J. Lightwave Technol.
6
,
953
(
1988
).
Google Scholar
 
11.
H. W. H.
Lee
and
R. S.
Hughes
,
Opt. Lett.
19
,
1708
(
1994
).
Google Scholar
 
12.
C.
Malouin
,
A.
Villeneuve
,
G.
Vitrant
, and
R. A.
Lessard
,
Opt. Lett.
21
,
21
(
1996
).
Google Scholar
 
13.
M.
Gertz
,
J.
Pinsl
, and
Ch.
Bräuchle
,
Appl. Phys. B: Photophys. Laser Chem.
43
,
61
(
1987
).
Google Scholar
 
14.
Yu. O.
Barmenkov
,
N. M.
Kozhevnikov
, and
M. Yu
Lipovskaya
,
Opt. Spectrosc.
64
,
135
(
1988
).
Google Scholar
 
15.
P. M.
Garcia
,
L.
Cescato
, and
J.
Frejlich
,
J. Appl. Phys.
66
,
47
(
1989
).
Google Scholar
 
16.
N. G.
Abdullaev
,
Yu. O.
Barmenkov
,
S. Yu.
Zaitsev
,
V. V.
Zosimov
,
V. P.
Zubov
,
N. M.
Kozhevnikov
,
M. Yu.
Lipovskaya
, and
L. M.
Lyamshev
,
Sov. Phys. Tech. Phys.
33
,
508
(
1988
).
Google Scholar
 
17.
M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics (Pergamon, New York, 1975), Chap. 8.
18.
N.
Hampp
,
Ch.
Bräuchle
, and
D.
Oesterhelt
,
Biophys. J.
58
,
83
(
1990
).
Google Scholar
 
19.
M.
Ikonen
,
J.
Peltonen
,
E.
Vuorimaa
, and
H.
Lemmetyinen
,
Thin Solid Films
213
,
277
(
1992
).
Google Scholar
 
This content is only available via PDF.
© 2000 American Institute of Physics.
2000
American Institute of Physics
You do not currently have access to this content.