In this paper, an optically transparent rectifying metasurface system (RMS) is designed and validated for simultaneously harvesting radio frequency (RF) energy while enabling the efficient transmission of visible light. The RMS comprises an optically transparent metasurface absorber (OTMA) based on indium tin oxide materials and a voltage-doubling rectifier circuit. The proposed RMS features several advantages, including polarization insensitivity, wide incidence angle coverage, low profile, and the ability to operate at low incident power densities. Utilizing a stacked structure, the RMS and the solar cell can provide a more hybrid output power to accommodate more application scenarios. To validate its performance, a prototype 3 × 3 OTMA array was designed, fabricated, and measured. Results demonstrate that the fabricated RMS achieves RF to DC efficiencies of 19.64% at 2.4 GHz and 7.92% at 5.8 GHz, with an impressive 80% optical transparency. Furthermore, solar energy harvesting tests show that the measured maximum power point for the RF/solar hybrid energy harvesting is 13.11% higher than that of a single solar panel under a light intensity of 257 lux.
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6 January 2025
Research Article|
January 09 2025
An optically transparent rectifying metasurface for 2.4/5.8 GHz dual-band RF energy harvesting
Lin Dong
;
Lin Dong
(Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft)
1
Beijing Key Laboratory of Millimeter Wave and Terahertz Technology, School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology
, Beijing 100081, China
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Liming Si
;
Liming Si
a)
(Funding acquisition, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
Beijing Key Laboratory of Millimeter Wave and Terahertz Technology, School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology
, Beijing 100081, China
2
Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology
, Jiaxing 314019, China
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
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Boyang Liu;
Boyang Liu
(Data curation, Investigation)
1
Beijing Key Laboratory of Millimeter Wave and Terahertz Technology, School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology
, Beijing 100081, China
2
Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology
, Jiaxing 314019, China
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Qitao Shen;
Qitao Shen
(Data curation, Writing – original draft)
1
Beijing Key Laboratory of Millimeter Wave and Terahertz Technology, School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology
, Beijing 100081, China
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Rong Niu;
Rong Niu
(Writing – original draft)
1
Beijing Key Laboratory of Millimeter Wave and Terahertz Technology, School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology
, Beijing 100081, China
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Xiue Bao
;
Xiue Bao
(Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
Beijing Key Laboratory of Millimeter Wave and Terahertz Technology, School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology
, Beijing 100081, China
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Houjun Sun
;
Houjun Sun
(Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
Beijing Key Laboratory of Millimeter Wave and Terahertz Technology, School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology
, Beijing 100081, China
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Weiren Zhu
Weiren Zhu
(Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
3
Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
, Shanghai 200240, China
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a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
Appl. Phys. Lett. 126, 011705 (2025)
Article history
Received:
October 04 2024
Accepted:
December 07 2024
Connected Content
A companion article has been published:
Transparent device harvests radio frequency and solar power to improve power outputs
Citation
Lin Dong, Liming Si, Boyang Liu, Qitao Shen, Rong Niu, Xiue Bao, Houjun Sun, Weiren Zhu; An optically transparent rectifying metasurface for 2.4/5.8 GHz dual-band RF energy harvesting. Appl. Phys. Lett. 6 January 2025; 126 (1): 011705. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0242451
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