We measure the photon arrival timing jitter of three superconducting Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) within a large array of 20,440 pixels, spanning resonating frequencies from 4 to 8 GHz. We analyze arrival time distributions for photon number n = 1 and n = 2 events and find the distribution full-width at half-maximum ranging from 132 to 796 ns across the three detectors. In combination with nearly zero dark counts and multiplexed readout schemes, sub-microsecond jitter can be leveraged for high-time resolved astronomy, quantum, and bio-physics applications. The measured system jitter serves as an upper limit for MKIDs, with optimized performance likely reaching tens of nanoseconds. We discuss how to improve upon the detector and readout performance.
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2 December 2024
Research Article|
December 03 2024
Characterization of photon arrival timing jitter in microwave kinetic inductance detector arrays Available to Purchase
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Mid and Long Wavelength Infrared Photonics, Materials, and Devices
Majid G. Mohammad
;
Majid G. Mohammad
a)
(Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara
, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
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Aled Cuda;
Aled Cuda
(Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization)
1
Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara
, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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W. Hawkins Clay
;
W. Hawkins Clay
(Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation)
1
Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara
, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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Jennifer Pearl Smith
;
Jennifer Pearl Smith
(Data curation, Investigation, Software, Validation)
1
Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara
, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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Michael S. Arena
;
Michael S. Arena
(Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – original draft)
1
Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara
, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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Joseph Redford
;
Joseph Redford
(Methodology, Validation)
1
Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara
, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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Josh Breckenridge
;
Josh Breckenridge
(Validation)
1
Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara
, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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John I. Bailey, III
;
John I. Bailey, III
(Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation)
1
Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara
, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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Nicholas Zobrist
;
Nicholas Zobrist
(Data curation)
1
Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara
, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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Grégoire Coiffard;
Grégoire Coiffard
(Resources)
1
Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara
, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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Galan Moody
;
Galan Moody
(Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
2
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California Santa Barbara
, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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Benjamin A. Mazin
Benjamin A. Mazin
(Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara
, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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Majid G. Mohammad
1,a)
Aled Cuda
1
W. Hawkins Clay
1
Jennifer Pearl Smith
1
Michael S. Arena
1
Joseph Redford
1
Josh Breckenridge
1
John I. Bailey, III
1
Nicholas Zobrist
1
Grégoire Coiffard
1
Galan Moody
2
Benjamin A. Mazin
1
1
Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara
, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
2
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California Santa Barbara
, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
Appl. Phys. Lett. 125, 233503 (2024)
Article history
Received:
July 20 2024
Accepted:
November 17 2024
Citation
Majid G. Mohammad, Aled Cuda, W. Hawkins Clay, Jennifer Pearl Smith, Michael S. Arena, Joseph Redford, Josh Breckenridge, John I. Bailey, Nicholas Zobrist, Grégoire Coiffard, Galan Moody, Benjamin A. Mazin; Characterization of photon arrival timing jitter in microwave kinetic inductance detector arrays. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2 December 2024; 125 (23): 233503. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0229966
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