Flexible spintronic devices based on spin–orbit torque (SOT)-induced perpendicular magnetization switching (PMS) have attracted increasing attention due to their high storage intensity and good programming capability. However, to achieve deterministic PMS, an in-plane auxiliary magnetic field is required, which greatly limits its application. Here, we show that “robust” magnetic field-free SOT-driven PMS is realized in the oblique sputtered Pt/CoTb multilayers grown on a flexible polyimide substrate. “Robust” means the magnetic field-free SOT switching is highly repeatable and stable after 100 bending cycles under various bending conditions. Additionally, the fabricated flexible multilayers exhibit nearly linear and nonvolatile multistate plasticity as synapses and a nonlinear sigmoid activation function when acting as neurons. We construct a fully connected neural network for handwritten digit recognition, achieving an over 96.27% recognition rate. Our findings may spur further investigations on the SOT-based flexible spintronic devices for wearable artificial intelligence applications.
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28 October 2024
Research Article|
October 29 2024
Field-free spin–orbit torque magnetization switching in Pt/CoTb devices grown on flexible substrates for neuromorphic computing
Wei Wang
;
Wei Wang
(Data curation, Investigation, Writing – original draft)
1
School of Physics, Shandong University
, Jinan 250100, China
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Chuanwei Feng;
Chuanwei Feng
(Data curation, Investigation)
1
School of Physics, Shandong University
, Jinan 250100, China
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Yiheng Wang;
Yiheng Wang
(Data curation, Investigation, Software)
1
School of Physics, Shandong University
, Jinan 250100, China
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Qikun Huang
;
Qikun Huang
(Formal analysis, Investigation)
2
Spintronics Institute, University of Jinan
, Jinan 250022, China
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Dong Wang
;
Dong Wang
(Data curation, Investigation, Resources)
1
School of Physics, Shandong University
, Jinan 250100, China
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Yibo Fan
;
Yibo Fan
(Data curation, Investigation)
1
School of Physics, Shandong University
, Jinan 250100, China
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Xiang Han
;
Xiang Han
(Data curation, Investigation, Software)
1
School of Physics, Shandong University
, Jinan 250100, China
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Lihui Bai
;
Lihui Bai
(Formal analysis, Resources)
1
School of Physics, Shandong University
, Jinan 250100, China
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Yanxue Chen
;
Yanxue Chen
(Formal analysis, Resources)
1
School of Physics, Shandong University
, Jinan 250100, China
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Yufeng Tian
;
Yufeng Tian
a)
(Conceptualization, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
School of Physics, Shandong University
, Jinan 250100, China
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Shishen Yan
Shishen Yan
a)
(Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing)
1
School of Physics, Shandong University
, Jinan 250100, China
2
Spintronics Institute, University of Jinan
, Jinan 250022, China
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Appl. Phys. Lett. 125, 182402 (2024)
Article history
Received:
August 02 2024
Accepted:
October 10 2024
Citation
Wei Wang, Chuanwei Feng, Yiheng Wang, Qikun Huang, Dong Wang, Yibo Fan, Xiang Han, Lihui Bai, Yanxue Chen, Yufeng Tian, Shishen Yan; Field-free spin–orbit torque magnetization switching in Pt/CoTb devices grown on flexible substrates for neuromorphic computing. Appl. Phys. Lett. 28 October 2024; 125 (18): 182402. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0231869
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