Turbulence-free ghost imaging is a promising solution for the degraded image caused by atmospheric turbulence. However, turbulence-free ghost imaging requires two harsh conditions. To solve this problem, the temporal statistical property of the photon number fluctuations introduced by space-time fluctuating atmospheric turbulence is investigated. We find that the photons collected by the detectors is a superposition of the fluctuating photons introduced by space-time fluctuating atmospheric turbulence and the nonfluctuating photons with probabilities inversely proportional to the beam diameter. The fluctuating photons, which cause image degradation, lead to the absence of stable temporal photon number correlations, while the nonfluctuating photons have the opposite effect. Thus, fluctuating photons are eliminated by measuring the temporal correlations of the signal light and reference light separately. The results show that turbulence-free ghost images can be reconstructed even if the typical conditions are not met. This work does not negate the results of Meyers et al. and provides a method to address the harsh constraints of turbulence-free ghost imaging.
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25 December 2023
Research Article|
December 27 2023
Addressing the constraints of turbulence-free ghost imaging using photon number fluctuation correlations in the time domain Available to Purchase
Deyang Duan
;
Deyang Duan
a)
(Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – original draft)
1
School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University
, Qufu 273165, China
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
Search for other works by this author on:
Qiang Gao
;
Qiang Gao
(Software, Writing – original draft)
2
Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, Qingdao City University
, Qingdao 266106, China
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Yunjie Xia
Yunjie Xia
(Writing – original draft)
1
School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University
, Qufu 273165, China
Search for other works by this author on:
Deyang Duan
1,a)
Qiang Gao
2
Yunjie Xia
1
1
School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University
, Qufu 273165, China
2
Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, Qingdao City University
, Qingdao 266106, China
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
Appl. Phys. Lett. 123, 264004 (2023)
Article history
Received:
November 02 2023
Accepted:
December 13 2023
Citation
Deyang Duan, Qiang Gao, Yunjie Xia; Addressing the constraints of turbulence-free ghost imaging using photon number fluctuation correlations in the time domain. Appl. Phys. Lett. 25 December 2023; 123 (26): 264004. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0185836
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