Dynamic behavior in soft matter physics, biology, and nanoscience frequently occurs on submicrosecond timescales. Diffracted x-ray blinking (DXB) is a unique method that can provide a broad range of spatial scale information and is becoming an attractive tool for use at high repetition rate x-ray facilities. In this study, we performed DXB experiments with 890 ns time resolution at the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility to obtain dynamic information about rubber samples that are typically used in automobile tires. Time-resolved scattering was simultaneously recorded for two samples that mainly consisted of carbon black (CB) and polybutadiene (PB). These samples contained either graphitized or non-graphitized CB and displayed significantly different dynamics. A clear interaction between CB and PB was observed, indicating that the mobility of PB was changed by the introduction of CB. Restricted polymer motion was observed in the q-range of 0.78–1.58 Å−1 regions. Our results suggest that the particle network can be flexibly controlled without impairing the mechanical strength of the rubber.
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4 September 2023
Research Article|
September 05 2023
Direct observation of 890 ns dynamics of carbon black and polybutadiene in rubber materials using diffracted x-ray blinking Available to Purchase
Masahiro Kuramochi
;
Masahiro Kuramochi
a)
(Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo
, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
2
Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University
, Hitachi 316-8511, Japan
a)Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]; [email protected]; and [email protected]
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Henry J. Kirkwood
;
Henry J. Kirkwood
(Data curation, Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
3
European XFEL
, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
4
PlantTech Research Institute
, Tauranga 3110, New Zealand
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Jayanath C. P. Koliyadu
;
Jayanath C. P. Koliyadu
(Data curation, Writing – review & editing)
3
European XFEL
, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
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Romain Letrun
;
Romain Letrun
(Data curation, Writing – review & editing)
3
European XFEL
, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
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Raphael de Wijn
;
Raphael de Wijn
(Data curation, Writing – review & editing)
3
European XFEL
, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
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Chan Kim
;
Chan Kim
(Data curation, Writing – review & editing)
3
European XFEL
, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
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Tomomi Masui
;
Tomomi Masui
(Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
5
Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd
., 1-1, 2-chome, Tsutsui-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 651-0071, Japan
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Kazuhiro Mio
;
Kazuhiro Mio
(Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
6
AIST-UTokyo Advanced Operando-Measurement Technology Open Innovation Laboratory (OPERANDO-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
, Kashiwa 277-8565, Japan
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Tatsuya Arai
;
Tatsuya Arai
(Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo
, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
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Hiroshi Sekiguchi
;
Hiroshi Sekiguchi
(Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
7
Center for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute
, 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
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Hiroyuki Kishimoto;
Hiroyuki Kishimoto
(Data curation, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
5
Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd
., 1-1, 2-chome, Tsutsui-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 651-0071, Japan
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Adrian P. Mancuso
;
Adrian P. Mancuso
(Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
3
European XFEL
, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
8
Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University
, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
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Tokushi Sato
;
Tokushi Sato
a)
(Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
3
European XFEL
, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
a)Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]; [email protected]; and [email protected]
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Yuji C. Sasaki
Yuji C. Sasaki
a)
(Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo
, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
6
AIST-UTokyo Advanced Operando-Measurement Technology Open Innovation Laboratory (OPERANDO-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
, Kashiwa 277-8565, Japan
7
Center for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute
, 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
a)Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]; [email protected]; and [email protected]
Search for other works by this author on:
Masahiro Kuramochi
1,2,a)
Henry J. Kirkwood
3,4
Jayanath C. P. Koliyadu
3
Romain Letrun
3
Raphael de Wijn
3
Chan Kim
3
Tomomi Masui
5
Kazuhiro Mio
6
Tatsuya Arai
1
Hiroshi Sekiguchi
7
Hiroyuki Kishimoto
5
Adrian P. Mancuso
3,8
Tokushi Sato
3,a)
Yuji C. Sasaki
1,6,7,a)
1
Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo
, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
2
Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University
, Hitachi 316-8511, Japan
3
European XFEL
, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
4
PlantTech Research Institute
, Tauranga 3110, New Zealand
5
Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd
., 1-1, 2-chome, Tsutsui-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 651-0071, Japan
6
AIST-UTokyo Advanced Operando-Measurement Technology Open Innovation Laboratory (OPERANDO-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
, Kashiwa 277-8565, Japan
7
Center for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute
, 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
8
Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University
, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
a)Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]; [email protected]; and [email protected]
Appl. Phys. Lett. 123, 101601 (2023)
Article history
Received:
May 07 2023
Accepted:
August 15 2023
Citation
Masahiro Kuramochi, Henry J. Kirkwood, Jayanath C. P. Koliyadu, Romain Letrun, Raphael de Wijn, Chan Kim, Tomomi Masui, Kazuhiro Mio, Tatsuya Arai, Hiroshi Sekiguchi, Hiroyuki Kishimoto, Adrian P. Mancuso, Tokushi Sato, Yuji C. Sasaki; Direct observation of 890 ns dynamics of carbon black and polybutadiene in rubber materials using diffracted x-ray blinking. Appl. Phys. Lett. 4 September 2023; 123 (10): 101601. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0157359
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