Programming electromagnetic spectra have become key technology affecting the development of the information industry, arousing widespread interest of researchers. Here, we propose a route to realize a programmable spectrum based on time-coding spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) to implement the customized harmonic generations and amplitude manipulations. The proposed time-coding SSPPs are experimentally demonstrated to flexibly control both frequencies and amplitudes of the harmonics, providing the possibility of reprogrammable outputs of different spectra. In addition, two kinds of improved time-coding SSPP structures are presented, which can be applied to realize reprogrammable spectra without the fundamental component and with customized asymmetric spectra.
References
1.
J. A.
Armstrong
, N.
Bloembergen
, J.
Ducuing
et al, Phys. Rev.
127
, 1918
(1962
).2.
A.
Fiore
, V.
Berger
, E.
Rosencher
et al, Nature
391
, 463
(1998
).3.
M.
Kauranen
, Science
342
, 1182
(2013
).4.
T.
Ellenbogen
, N.
Voloch-Bloch
, A.
Ganany-Padowicz
et al, Nat. Photonics
3
, 395
(2009
).5.
S.
Ghimire
, A. D.
Dichiara
, E.
Sistrunk
et al, Nat. Phys.
7
, 138
(2011
).6.
S. N.
Zhu
, Y. Y.
Zhu
, Y. Q.
Qin
et al, Phys. Rev. Lett.
78
, 122
(1997
).7.
X.
Zhang
, A. L.
Lytle
, T.
Popmintchev
et al, Nat. Phys.
3
, 270
(2007
).8.
E.
Garmire
, Opt. Express.
21
, 30532
(2013
).9.
D.
Kip
, M.
Soljacic
, M.
Segev
et al, Science.
290
, 495
(2000
).10.
H. E.
Shanks
and R. W.
Bickmore
, J. Phys.
37
, 263
(1959
).11.
H. E.
Shanks
, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.
9
, 162
(1961
).12.
S.
Yang
, Y. B.
Gan
, and A.
Qing
, IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett.
1
, 173
(2002
).13.
S.
Yang
and Z.
Nie
, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.
53
, 4182
(2005
).14.
J.
Yang
, W. T.
Li
, X. W.
Shi
et al, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.
61
, 5485
(2013
).15.
N. I.
Zheludev
and Y. S.
Kivshar
, Nat. Mater.
11
, 917
(2012
).16.
N. F.
Yu
, P.
Genevet
, M. A.
Kats
et al, Science
334
(6054
), 333
(2011
).17.
18.
A. V.
Kildishev
, A.
Boltasseva
, and V. M.
Shalaev
, Science
339
, 6152
(2013
).19.
N. K.
Grady
, J. E.
Heyes
, D. R.
Chowdhury
et al, Science
340
, 1304
(2013
).20.
N. M.
Estakhri
and A.
Alù
, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B
33
(2
), A21
(2016
).21.
Y.
Hadad
, D. L.
Sounas
, and A.
Alù
, Phys. Rev. B.
92
, 100304R
(2015
).22.
Y.
Hadad
, J. C.
Soric
, and A.
Alu
, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
113
, 3471
(2016
).23.
J.
Zhao
, X.
Yang
, J. Y.
Dai
et al, Natl. Sci. Rev.
6
, 231
(2019
).24.
L.
Zhang
, X. Q.
Chen
, S.
Liu
et al, Nat. Commun.
9
, 4334
(2018
).25.
M. Z.
Chen
, W.
Tang
, J. Y.
Dai
et al, Natl. Sci. Rev.
9
, nwab134
(2021
).26.
J. B.
Pendry
, L.
Martin-Moreno
, and F. J.
Garcia-Vidal
, Science.
305
, 847
(2004
).27.
A. P.
Hibbins
, B. R.
Evans
, and J. R.
Sambles
, Science
308
, 670
(2005
).28.
X. P.
Shen
, T. J.
Cui
, D.
Martin-Cano
et al, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
110
, 40 (2013
).29.
H. C.
Zhang
, T. J.
Cui
, Q.
Zhang
et al, ACS Photontics
2
, 1333
(2015
).30.
X. T.
Yan
, X.
Tang
, J. F.
Liu
et al, Adv. Photonics
3
, 026001
(2021
).31.
J. J.
Zhang
, H. C.
Zhang
, X.
Gao
et al, Sci. Bull.
64
, 843
(2019
).32.
A.
Kianinejad
, Z. N.
Chen
, and C. W.
Qiu
, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech.
66
, 3764
(2018
).33.
F.
Miyamaru
, M.
Kamijyo
, N.
Hanaoka
et al, Appl. Phys. Lett.
100
, 081112
(2012
).34.
C.
Wang
, X.
Shen
, H.
Chu
et al, Appl. Phys. Lett.
120
, 171703
(2022
).35.
D. F.
Guan
, P.
You
, Q. F.
Zhang
et al, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory. Tech.
65
, 4925
(2017
).36.
Z.
Liao
, X. P.
Shen
, B. C.
Pan
et al, ACS Photon.
2
, 738
(2015
).37.
L. P.
Zhang
, H. C.
Zhang
, W.
Tang
et al, IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag.
69
, 4681
(2021
).38.
L. P.
Zhang
, H. C.
Zhang
, Z.
Gao
et al, IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag.
67
, 4920
(2019
).39.
H. C.
Zhang
, T. J.
Cui
, Y.
Luo
et al, Nat. Sci. Rev.
7
, 261 (2020
).40.
H. C.
Zhang
, L. P.
Zhang
, P. H.
He
et al, Light, Sci. Appl.
9
, 113
(2020
).41.
X.
Tian
, P. M.
Lee
, Y. J.
Tan
et al, Nat. Electron
2
, 243
–251
(2019
).42.
C. R.
Doerr
, N.
Dupuis
, and L.
Zhang
, Opt. Lett.
36
, 4293
(2011
).43.
C. R.
Doerr
, L.
Chen
, and D.
Vemeulen
, Opt. Express
22
(4
), 4493
(2014
).44.
S.
Bhandare
, S. K.
Ibrahim
, D.
Sandel
et al, IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
11
, 417
(2005
).45.
C. R.
Doerr
, L.
Chen
, and D.
Vermeulen
, in 39th European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication (ECOC 2013)
(IET
, 2013
), pp. 1
–3
.46.
Y.
Dong
, D.
Feng
, and H.
Gong
, in Eighteenth International Vacuum Electronics Conference
, 2017
.© 2022 Author(s). Published under an exclusive license by AIP Publishing.
2022
Author(s)
You do not currently have access to this content.