In this paper, we extensively characterize and model the threshold voltage instability in lateral β-Ga2O3 MOSFETs with Al2O3 gate dielectric. Specifically, (i) the results indicate that the threshold voltage instability originates from electron trapping at gate dielectric border traps close to the Al2O3/β-Ga2O3 interface. (ii) Logarithmic kinetics were detected for both stress and recovery by means of a innovative fast-capacitance experimental setup, over more than seven decades of time; (iii) a generalized model, which is capable of accurately reproducing the experimental results, was proposed to explain this trend.
References
1.
M.
Higashiwaki
and G. H.
Jessen
, “Guest editorial: The dawn of gallium oxide microelectronics
,” Appl. Phys. Lett.
112
, 060401
(2018
).2.
S. J.
Pearton
, F.
Ren
, M.
Tadjer
, and J.
Kim
, “Perspective: Ga2O3 for ultra-high power rectifiers and MOSFETs
,” J. Appl. Phys.
124
, 220901
(2018
).3.
M.
Higashiwaki
, K.
Sasaki
, A.
Kuramata
, T.
Masui
, and S.
Yamakoshi
, “Gallium oxide (Ga2O3) metal-semiconductor field-effect transistors on single-crystal β-Ga2O3 (010) substrates
,” Appl. Phys. Lett.
100
, 013504
(2012
).4.
W.
Li
, K.
Nomoto
, Z.
Hu
, T.
Nakamura
, D.
Jena
, and H. G.
Xing
, “Single and multi-fin normally-off Ga2O3 vertical transistors with a breakdown voltage over 2.6 kV
,” in Technical Digest-International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM)
(IEEE
, 2019
), p. 270
.5.
K.
Tetzner
, E.
Bahat Treidel
, O.
Hilt
, A.
Popp
, S.
Bin Anooz
, G.
Wagner
, A.
Thies
, K.
Ickert
, H.
Gargouri
, and J.
Wurfl
, “Lateral 1.8 kV β-Ga2O3 MOSFET With 155 MW/cm2 power figure of merit
,” IEEE Electron Device Lett.
40
, 1503
(2019
).6.
Z.
Hu
, K.
Nomoto
, W.
Li
, R.
Jinno
, T.
Nakamura
, D.
Jena
, and H.
Xing
, “1.6 kV vertical Ga2O3 finFETs with source-connected field plates and normally-off operation
,” in 2019 31st International Symposium on Power Semiconductor Devices ICs
(IEEE
, 2019
), pp. 483
–486
.7.
M. H.
Wong
, K.
Goto
, H.
Murakami
, Y.
Kumagai
, and M.
Higashiwaki
, “Current aperture vertical β-Ga2O3 MOSFETs fabricated by N- and Si-ion implantation doping
,” IEEE Electron Device Lett.
40
, 431
(2019
).8.
D. R.
Wolters
and J. J.
van der Schoot
, “Kinetics of charge trapping in dielectrics
,” J. Appl. Phys.
58
, 831
(1985
).9.
K.
Tetzner
, O.
Hilt
, A.
Popp
, S.
Bin Anooz
, and J.
Würfl
, “Challenges to overcome breakdown limitations in lateral β-Ga2O3 MOSFET devices
,” Microelectron. Reliab.
114
, 113951
(2020
).10.
E.
Fabris
, C.
De Santi
, A.
Caria
, W.
Li
, K.
Nomoto
, Z.
Hu
, D.
Jena
, H. G.
Xing
, G.
Meneghesso
, E.
Zanoni
, and M.
Meneghini
, “Trapping and detrapping mechanisms in β-Ga2O3 vertical finFETs investigated by electro-optical measurements
,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices
67
, 3954
(2020
).11.
N.
Modolo
, S.
Tang
, H.
Jiang
, C.
De Santi
, M.
Meneghini
, and T.-L.
Wu
, “A novel physics-based approach to analyze and model E-mode p-GaN power HEMTs
,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices
68
, 1489
(2021
).12.
B. L.
Swenson
and U. K.
Mishra
, “Photoassisted high-frequency capacitance-voltage characterization of the Si3N4/GaN interface
,” J. Appl. Phys.
106
, 064902
(2009
).13.
S.
Zhu
and A.
Nakajima
, “Electron detrapping characteristics in positive bias temperature stressed n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors with ultrathin HfSiON gate dielectrics
,” Appl. Phys. Lett.
91
, 033501
(2007
).14.
M.
Ruzzarin
, C.
De Santi
, F.
Yu
, M. F.
Fatahilah
, K.
Strempel
, H. S.
Wasisto
, A.
Waag
, G.
Meneghesso
, E.
Zanoni
, and M.
Meneghini
, “Highly stable threshold voltage in GaN nanowire FETs: The advantages of p-GaN channel/Al2O3 gate insulator
,” Appl. Phys. Lett.
117
, 203501
(2020
).15.
D.
Bisi
, S. H.
Chan
, X.
Liu
, R.
Yeluri
, S.
Keller
, M.
Meneghini
, G.
Meneghesso
, E.
Zanoni
, and U. K.
Mishra
, “On trapping mechanisms at oxide-traps in Al2O3/GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors
,” Appl. Phys. Lett.
108
, 112104
(2016
).16.
F.
Masin
, C.
De Santi
, J.
Lettens
, J.
Franchi
, M.
Domeij
, P.
Moens
, M.
Meneghini
, G.
Meneghesso
, and E.
Zanoni
, “Non-monotonic threshold voltage variation in 4H-SiC metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor: Investigation and modeling
,” J. Appl. Phys.
130
, 145702
(2021
).17.
P. R.
Nair
, “Reliability physics of nanoelectronic devices
,” in Lecture 19: TDDB in thick oxides–trapping kinetics
, 2006
; available at: https://engineering.purdue.edu/~ee650/downloads/Lecture19.pdf.18.
D. M.
Fleetwood
, “‘Border traps’ in MOS devices
,” IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
39
, 269
(1992
).19.
D. M.
Fleetwood
, “Border traps and bias-temperature instabilities in MOS devices
,” Microelectron. Reliab.
80
, 266
(2018
).20.
S.
Kamohara
and T.
Okumura
, “New physical model to explain logarithmic time dependence of data retention in flash EEPROM
,” Appl. Surf. Sci.
254
, 6174
(2008
).© 2022 Author(s). Published under an exclusive license by AIP Publishing.
2022
Author(s)
You do not currently have access to this content.