A surface acoustic wave (SAW) is utilized in diverse fields ranging from physics, engineering, to biology for transducing, sensing, and processing various signals. Optical measurement of the SAW provides valuable information since the amplitude and the phase of the displacement field can be measured locally with the resolution limited by the spot size of the optical beam. So far, optical measurement techniques rely on modulation of the optical path, phase, or diffraction associated with SAWs. Here, we demonstrate that SAWs can be measured with an optical polarimeter. We show that the slope of the periodically tilting surface due to the coherently driven SAW is translated into the angle of polarization rotation, which can be straightforwardly calibrated when polarimeters work in the shot-noise-limited regime. The polarimetric measurement of SAWs is, thus, beneficial for quantitative studies of SAW-based technologies.
References
1.
L. D.
Landau
and E. M.
Lifshitz
, Theory of Elasticity
, 3rd ed. (Butterworth-Heinenann
, Oxford
, 1986
).2.
K. S.
Thorne
and R. D.
Blandford
, Modern Classical Physics
(Princeton University Press
, Princeton
, 2017
).3.
C. C. W.
Ruppel
, “Acoustic wave filter technology—A review
,” IEEE Trans. Ultrasonics, Ferroelectr., Frequency Control
64
, 1390
–1400
(2017
).4.
F. Z.
Bi
and B. P.
Barber
, “Bulk acoustic wave RF technology
,” IEEE Microwave Mag.
9
, 65
–80
(2008
).5.
C.
Campbell
, Surface Acoustic Wave Devices for Mobile and Wireless Communications
(Academic Press
, 1998
).6.
K.
Länge
, B. E.
Rapp
, and M.
Rapp
, “Surface acoustic wave biosensors: A review
,” Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
391
, 1509
–1519
(2008
).7.
M.
Rocha-Gaso
, C.
March-Iborra
, A.
Montoya-Baides
, and A.
Arnau-Vives
, “Surface generated acoustic wave biosensors for the detection of pathogens: A review
,” Sensors
9
, 5740
–5769
(2009
).8.
S. I.
Zida
, Y. D.
Lin
, and Y. L.
Khung
, “Current trends on surface acoustic wave biosensors
,” Adv. Mater. Technol.
6
, 2001018
(2021
).9.
M. J. A.
Schuetz
, E. M.
Kessler
, G.
Giedke
, L. M. K.
Vandersypen
, M. D.
Lukin
, and J. I.
Cirac
, “Universal quantum transducers based on surface acoustic waves
,” Phys. Rev. X
5
, 031031
(2015
).10.
B. A.
Moores
, L. R.
Sletten
, J. J.
Viennot
, and K. W.
Lehnert
, “Cavity quantum acoustic device in the multimode strong coupling regime
,” Phys. Rev. Lett.
120
, 227701
(2018
).11.
K. J.
Satzinger
, Y. P.
Zhong
, H.-S.
Chang
, G. A.
Peairs
, A.
Bienfait
, M.-H.
Chou
, A. Y.
Cleland
, C. R.
Conner
, É.
Dumur
, J.
Grebel
, I.
Gutierrez
, B. H.
November
, R. G.
Povey
, S. J.
Whiteley
, D. D.
Awschalom
, D. I.
Schuster
, and A. N.
Cleland
, “Quantum control of surface acoustic-wave phonons
,” Nature
563
, 661
–665
(2018
).12.
A.
Noguchi
, R.
Yamazaki
, Y.
Tabuchi
, and Y.
Nakamura
, “Single-photon quantum regime of artificial radiation pressure on a surface acoustic wave resonator
,” Nat. Commun.
11
, 1183
(2020
).13.
R.
Manenti
, A. F.
Kockum
, A.
Patterson
, T.
Behrle
, J.
Rahamim
, G.
Tancredi
, F.
Nori
, and P. J.
Leek
, “Circuit quantum acoustodynamics with surface acoustic waves
,” Nat. Commun.
8
, 975
(2017
).14.
M.
Matsuo
, J.
Ieda
, K.
Harii
, E.
Saitoh
, and S.
Maekawa
, “Mechanical generation of spin current by spin-rotation coupling
,” Phys. Rev. B
87
, 180402
(2013
).15.
J.
Ieda
, M.
Matsuo
, and S.
Maekawa
, “Theory of mechanical spin current generation via spin-rotation coupling
,” Solid State Commun.
198
, 52
–58
(2014
).16.
D.
Kobayashi
, T.
Yoshikawa
, M.
Matsuo
, R.
Iguchi
, S.
Maekawa
, E.
Saitoh
, and Y.
Nozaki
, “Spin current generation using a surface acoustic wave generated via spin-rotation coupling
,” Phys. Rev. Lett.
119
, 077202
(2017
).17.
Y.
Kurimune
, M.
Matsuo
, and Y.
Nozaki
, “Observation of gyromagnetic spin wave resonance in NiFe films
,” Phys. Rev. Lett.
124
, 217205
(2020
).18.
D. A.
Bozhko
, V. I.
Vasyuchka
, A. V.
Chumak
, and A. A.
Serga
, “Magnon-phonon interactions in magnon spintronics
,” Low Temp. Phys.
46
, 383
–399
(2020
).19.
M.
Weiler
, H.
Huebl
, F. S.
Goerg
, F. D.
Czeschka
, R.
Gross
, and S. T. B.
Gönnenwein
, “Spin pumping with coherent elastic waves
,” Phys. Rev. Lett.
108
, 176601
(2012
).20.
K. A.
Hashimoto
, “Laser probe based on a sagnac interferometer with fast mechanical scan for RF surface and bulk acoustic wave devices
,” IEEE Trans. Ultrasonics, Ferroelectr., Frequency Control
58
, 187
–194
(2011
).21.
J. V.
Knuuttila
, P. T.
Tikka
, and M. M.
Salomaa
, “Scanning Michelson interferometer for imaging surface acoustic wave fields
,” Opt. Lett.
25
, 613
–615
(2000
).22.
W.
Fu
, Z.
Shen
, Y.
Xu
, C.-H.
Zou
, R.
Cheng
, X.
Han
, and H. X.
Tang
, “Phononic integrated circuitry and spin–orbit interaction of phonons
,” Nat. Commun.
10
, 2743
(2019
).23.
H.
Kamizuma
, L.
Yang
, T.
Omori
, K.
Hashimoto
, and M.
Yamaguchi
, “High-speed laser probing system for surface acoustic wave devices based on knife-edge method
,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 1
44
, 4535
(2005
).24.
R. J.
Hallermeier
and W. G.
Mayer
, “Light diffraction by ultrasonic surface waves of arbitrary standing-wave ratio
,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
47
, 1236
–1240
(1970
).25.
C.-Y.
You
and S.-C.
Shin
, “Derivation of simplified analytic formulae for magneto-optical Kerr effects
,” Appl. Phys. Lett.
69
, 1315
–1317
(1996
).© 2021 Author(s). Published under an exclusive license by AIP Publishing.
2021
Author(s)
You do not currently have access to this content.
