We report quantum well mid-infrared photo-detectors operating in the strong light-matter coupling regime. We claim that this is an ideal system to elucidate the elusive problem in intersubband polaritonics of the injection of electrons (single-particle fermionic states) into polaritonic modes (bosonic excitations). By reversing the perspective and focusing on the electron extraction, we have obtained experimental information on the transfer function between a polaritonic system and an electronic reservoir. In addition to its interest for fundamental science, this approach also opens promising avenues in view of adding previously unavailable functionalities to quantum well detectors and improving their performance.
References
1.
H.
(Harald) Schneider
and H. C.
Liu
, Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors: Physics and Applications
(Springer
, 2007
).2.
D.
Palaferri
, Y.
Todorov
, A.
Bigioli
, A.
Mottaghizadeh
, D.
Gacemi
, A.
Calabrese
, A.
Vasanelli
, L.
Li
, A. G.
Davies
, E. H.
Linfield
, F.
Kapsalidis
, M.
Beck
, J.
Faist
, and C.
Sirtori
, Nature
556
, 85
(2018
).3.
S.
De Liberato
and C.
Ciuti
, Phys. Rev. Lett.
102
, 136403
(2009
).4.
P.
Jouy
, A.
Vasanelli
, Y.
Todorov
, L.
Sapienza
, R.
Colombelli
, U.
Gennser
, and C.
Sirtori
, Phys. Rev. B
82
, 45322
(2010
).5.
R.
Colombelli
and J.-M.
Manceau
, Phys. Rev. X
5
, 011031
(2015
).6.
S.
De Liberato
and C.
Ciuti
, Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys.
79
, 75317
(2009
).7.
C. F.
Bohren
and D. R.
Huffman
, Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles
(Wiley
, 1998
).8.
M.
Cirio
, S.
De Liberato
, N.
Lambert
, and F.
Nori
, Phys. Rev. Lett.
116
, 113601
(2016
).9.
10.
A.
Thomas
, J.
George
, A.
Shalabney
, M.
Dryzhakov
, S. J.
Varma
, J.
Moran
, T.
Chervy
, X.
Zhong
, E.
Devaux
, C.
Genet
, J. A.
Hutchison
, and T. W.
Ebbesen
, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.
55
, 11462
(2016
).11.
J.
Galego
, F. J.
Garcia-Vidal
, and J.
Feist
, Phys. Rev. X
5
, 041022
(2015
).12.
J.
Flick
, M.
Ruggenthaler
, H.
Appel
, and A.
Rubio
, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
114
, 3026
(2017
).13.
E.
Orgiu
, J.
George
, J. A.
Hutchison
, E.
Devaux
, J. F.
Dayen
, B.
Doudin
, F.
Stellacci
, C.
Genet
, J.
Schachenmayer
, C.
Genes
, G.
Pupillo
, P.
Samorì
, and T. W.
Ebbesen
, Nat. Mater.
14
, 1123
(2015
).14.
G. L.
Paravicini-Bagliani
, F.
Appugliese
, E.
Richter
, F.
Valmorra
, J.
Keller
, M.
Beck
, N.
Bartolo
, C.
Rössler
, T.
Ihn
, K.
Ensslin
, C.
Ciuti
, G.
Scalari
, and J.
Faist
, Nat. Phys.
15
, 186
(2019
).15.
D.
Hagenmüller
, J.
Schachenmayer
, S.
Schütz
, C.
Genes
, and G.
Pupillo
, Phys. Rev. Lett.
119
, 223601
(2017
).16.
J.-M.
Manceau
, S.
Zanotto
, T.
Ongarello
, L.
Sorba
, A.
Tredicucci
, G.
Biasiol
, and R.
Colombelli
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
105
, 81105
(2014
).17.
F.
Alpeggiani
and L. C.
Andreani
, Phys. Rev. B
90
, 115311
(2014
).18.
Y.
Todorov
, Phys. Rev. B
89
, 75115
(2014
).19.
J. M.
Manceau
, S.
Zanotto
, I.
Sagnes
, G.
Beaudoin
, and R.
Colombelli
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
103
, 91110
(2013
).20.
D.
Chastanet
, J.-M.
Manceau
, T.
Laurent
, A.
Bousseksou
, G.
Beaudoin
, I.
Sagnes
, and R.
Colombelli
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
110
, 81108
(2017
).21.
J. M.
Manceau
, G.
Biasiol
, N. L.
Tran
, I.
Carusotto
, and R.
Colombelli
, Phys. Rev. B
96
, 235301
(2017
).22.
E.
Cortese
, I.
Carusotto
, R.
Colombelli
, and S.
De Liberato
, Optica
6
, 354
–361
(2019
).23.
L.
Sapienza
, A.
Vasanelli
, C.
Ciuti
, C.
Manquest
, C.
Sirtori
, R.
Colombelli
, and U.
Gennser
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
90
, 201101
(2007
).24.
E.
Dupont
, H. C.
Liu
, A. J.
SpringThorpe
, W.
Lai
, and M.
Extavour
, Phys. Rev. B
68
, 245320
(2003
).© 2019 Author(s).
2019
Author(s)
You do not currently have access to this content.