Exceptional points (EPs) are degeneracies in open wave systems with coalescence of at least two energy levels and their corresponding eigenstates. In higher dimensions, more complex EP physics not found in two-state systems is observed. We consider the emergence and interaction of multiple EPs in a four coupled optical waveguides system by non-Hermitian coupling showing a unique EP formation pattern in a phase diagram. In addition, absolute phase rigidities are computed to show the mixing of the different states in definite parameter regimes. Our results could be potentially important for developing further understanding of EP physics in higher dimensions via generalized paradigm of non-Hermitian coupling for a generation of parity-time devices.
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3 September 2018
Research Article|
September 07 2018
Optical lattices with higher-order exceptional points by non-Hermitian coupling
Xingping Zhou;
Xingping Zhou
1
National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
2
School of Physics, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
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Samit Kumar Gupta;
Samit Kumar Gupta
1
National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
3
College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
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Zhong Huang;
Zhong Huang
1
National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
2
School of Physics, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
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Zhendong Yan
;
Zhendong Yan
1
National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
2
School of Physics, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
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Peng Zhan;
Peng Zhan
a)
1
National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
2
School of Physics, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
4
Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
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Zhuo Chen
;
Zhuo Chen
1
National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
2
School of Physics, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
4
Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
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Minghui Lu;
Minghui Lu
b)
1
National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
3
College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
4
Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
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Zhenlin Wang
Zhenlin Wang
c)
1
National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
2
School of Physics, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
4
Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University
, Nanjing 210093, China
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Appl. Phys. Lett. 113, 101108 (2018)
Article history
Received:
June 07 2018
Accepted:
August 26 2018
Citation
Xingping Zhou, Samit Kumar Gupta, Zhong Huang, Zhendong Yan, Peng Zhan, Zhuo Chen, Minghui Lu, Zhenlin Wang; Optical lattices with higher-order exceptional points by non-Hermitian coupling. Appl. Phys. Lett. 3 September 2018; 113 (10): 101108. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5043279
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