Using integrated superconducting single photon detectors, we probe ultra-slow exciton capture and relaxation dynamics in single self-assembled InGaAs quantum dots embedded in a GaAs ridge waveguide. Time-resolved luminescence measurements performed with on- and off-chip detection reveal a continuous decrease in the carrier relaxation time from 1.22 ± 0.07 ns to 0.10 ± 0.07 ns upon increasing the number of non-resonantly injected carriers. By comparing off-chip time-resolved spectroscopy with spectrally integrated on-chip measurements, we identify the observed dynamics in the rise time (τr) as arising from a relaxation bottleneck at low excitation levels. From the comparison with the temporal dynamics of the single exciton transition with the on-chip emission signal, we conclude that the relaxation bottleneck is circumvented by the presence of charge carriers occupying states in the bulk material and the two-dimensional wetting layer continuum. A characteristic τrP−2∕3 power law dependence is observed suggesting Auger-type scattering between carriers trapped in the quantum dot and the two-dimensional wetting layer continuum which circumvents the phonon relaxation bottleneck.

1.
J.
Matthews
,
A.
Politi
,
A.
Stefanov
, and
J. L.
O'Brien
,
Nat. Photonics
3
,
346
(
2009
).
2.
E.
Flagg
,
A.
Muller
,
J.
Robertson
,
S.
Founta
,
D.
Deppe
,
M.
Xiao
,
W.
Ma
,
G.
Salamo
, and
C.
Shih
,
Nat. Phys.
5
,
203
(
2009
).
3.
W. B.
Gao
,
P.
Fallahi
,
E.
Togan
,
J.
Miguel-Sanchez
, and
A.
Imamoglu
,
Nature
491
,
426
(
2012
).
4.
Y.-M.
He
,
Y.
He
,
Y.-J.
Wei
,
D.
Wu
,
M.
Atature
,
C.
Schneider
,
S.
Hofling
,
M.
Kamp
,
C.-Y.
Lu
, and
J.-W.
Pan
,
Nat. Nanotechnol.
8
,
213
(
2013
).
5.
B.
Ellis
,
M.
Mayer
,
G.
Shambat
,
T.
Sarmiento
,
J.
Harris
,
E.
Haller
, and
J.
Vuckovic
,
Nat. Phot.
5
,
297
(
2011
).
6.
N.
Ledentsov
,
V.
Ustinov
,
V.
Shchukin
,
P.
Kopev
,
Z.
Alferov
, and
D.
Bimberg
,
Semiconductors
32
,
343
(
1998
).
7.
B.
Ellis
,
I.
Fushman
,
D.
Englund
,
B.
Zhang
,
Y.
Yamamoto
, and
J. J.
Vučković
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
90
,
151102
(
2007
).
8.
J.
Urayama
,
T. B.
Norris
,
J.
Singh
, and
P.
Bhattacharya
,
Phys. Rev. Lett.
86
,
4930
(
2001
).
9.
H.
Benisty
,
C. M.
Sotomayor-Torrès
, and
C.
Weisbuch
,
Phys. Rev. B
44
,
10945
(
1991
).
10.
G. N.
Gol'tsman
,
A.
Korneev
,
I.
Rubtsova
,
I.
Milostnaya
,
G.
Chulkova
,
O.
Minaeva
,
K.
Smirnov
,
B.
Voronov
,
W.
Slysz
,
A.
Pearlman
 et al.,
Phys. Status Solidi C
2
,
1480
(
2005
).
11.
F.
Najafi
,
F.
Marsili
,
E.
Dauler
,
R.
Molnar
, and
K.
Berggren
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
100
,
152602
(
2012
).
12.
W.
Pernice
,
C.
Schuck
,
O.
Minaeva
,
M.
Li
,
G.
Goltsman
,
A.
Sergienko
, and
H.
Tang
,
Nat. Commun.
3
,
1325
(
2012
).
13.
J. P.
Sprengers
,
A.
Gaggero
,
D.
Sahin
,
S.
Jahanmirinejad
,
G.
Frucci
,
F.
Mattioli
,
R.
Leoni
,
J.
Beetz
,
M.
Lermer
,
M.
Kamp
,
S.
Hofling
,
R.
Sanjines
, and
A.
Fiore
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
99
,
181110
(
2011
).
14.
D.
Sahin
,
A.
Gaggero
,
T. B.
Hoang
,
G.
Frucci
,
F.
Mattioli
,
R.
Leoni
,
J.
Beetz
,
M.
Lermer
,
M.
Kamp
,
S.
Höfling
 et al.,
Opt. Express
21
,
11162
(
2013
).
15.
F.
Marsili
,
D.
Bitauld
,
A.
Fiore
,
A.
Gaggero
,
F.
Mattioli
,
R.
Leoni
,
M.
Benkahoul
, and
F.
Lévy
,
Opt. Express
16
,
3191
(
2008
).
16.
A. J.
Kerman
,
E. A.
Dauler
,
J. K. W.
Yang
,
K. M.
Rosfjord
,
V.
Anant
,
K. K.
Berggren
,
G. N.
Gol'tsman
, and
B. M.
Voronov
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
90
,
101110
(
2007
).
17.
G.
Reithmaier
,
J.
Senf
,
S.
Lichtmannecker
,
T.
Reichert
,
F.
Flassig
,
A.
Voss
,
R.
Gross
, and
J. J.
Finley
,
J. Appl. Phys.
113
,
143507
(
2013
).
18.
G.
Reithmaier
,
S.
Lichtmannecker
,
T.
Reichert
,
P.
Hasch
,
K.
Müller
,
M.
Bichler
,
R.
Gross
, and
J. J.
Finley
,
Sci. Rep.
3
,
1901
(
2013
).
19.
J.
Finley
,
A.
Ashmore
,
A.
Lemaitre
,
D.
Mowbray
,
M.
Skolnick
,
I.
Itskevich
,
P.
Maksym
,
M.
Hopkinson
, and
T.
Krauss
,
Phys. Rev. B
63
,
073307
(
2001
).
20.
A.
Vasanelli
,
R.
Ferreira
, and
G.
Bastard
,
Phys. Rev. Lett.
89
,
216804
(
2002
).
21.

The overall temporal resolution of the on-chip experiment is limited to <70 ps, reached by deconvolution of the signal being recorded using a Picoquant Timeharp 200 that exhibits a timing uncertainty of <150 ps.

22.
E.
Viasnoff-Schwoob
,
C.
Weisbuch
,
H.
Benisty
,
S.
Olivier
,
S.
Varoutsis
,
I.
Robert-Philip
,
R.
Houdré
, and
C. J. M.
Smith
,
Phys. Rev. Lett.
95
,
183901
(
2005
).
23.
V. S. C. M.
Rao
and
S.
Hughes
,
Phys. Rev. Lett.
99
,
193901
(
2007
).
24.
C.
Santori
,
G. S.
Solomon
,
M.
Pelton
, and
Y.
Yamamoto
,
Phys. Rev. B
65
,
073310
(
2002
).
25.
S.
Raymond
,
S.
Fafard
,
P. J.
Poole
,
A.
Wojs
,
P.
Hawrylak
,
S.
Charbonneau
,
D.
Leonard
,
R.
Leon
,
P. M.
Petroff
, and
J. L.
Merz
,
Phys. Rev. B
54
,
11548
(
1996
).
26.
R.
M'ghaïeth
,
H.
Maâref
,
I.
Mihalcescu
, and
J. C.
Vial
,
Phys. Rev. B
60
,
4450
(
1999
).
27.
A.
Steinhoff
,
H.
Kurtze
,
P.
Gartner
,
M.
Florian
,
D.
Reuter
,
A. D.
Wieck
,
M.
Bayer
, and
F.
Jahnke
,
Phys. Rev. B
88
,
205309
(
2013
).
28.
G.
Bacher
,
R.
Weigand
,
J.
Seufert
,
V. D.
Kulakovskii
,
N. A.
Gippius
,
A.
Forchel
,
K.
Leonardi
, and
D.
Hommel
,
Phys. Rev. Lett.
83
,
4417
(
1999
).
29.
K.
Ikeda
,
H.
Sekiguchi
,
F.
Minami
,
J.
Yoshino
,
Y.
Mitsumori
,
H.
Amanai
,
S.
Nagao
, and
S.
Sakaki
,
J. Lumin.
108
,
273
(
2004
).
30.
R.
Heitz
,
H.
Born
,
F.
Guffarth
,
O.
Stier
,
A.
Schliwa
,
A.
Hoffmann
, and
D.
Bimberg
,
Phys. Rev. B
64
,
241305
(
2001
).
31.
J.
Kitaygorsky
,
I.
Komissarov
,
A.
Jukna
,
D.
Pan
,
O.
Minaeva
,
N.
Kaurova
,
A.
Divochiy
,
A.
Korneev
,
M.
Tarkhov
,
B.
Voronov
 et al.,
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
17
,
275
(
2007
).
You do not currently have access to this content.