In this Letter, the effect of domain pattern on 180° domain switching behavior in BaTiO3 crystals was investigated by using polarized light microscopy during antiparallel electric field loading. Results show that for nearly perfectly in-plane poled specimen, 180° domain switching is accomplished by successive antiparallel domain nucleation and forward domain wall motion; whereas for specimen with in-plane a-a domain pattern, 180° domain switching is achieved by two-step 90° ferroelastic domain switching. This discrepancy is explained by combined effects of the depolarization field and the mechanical constraint from the adjacent domains during 90° ferroelastic domain switching.
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