The ultrafast energy relaxation of GaP is analyzed through charge-carrier and phonon dynamics. Early timescales show hot electron intervalley scattering from the Γ valley into the X sidevalley, with 700 and 4000 fs time constants for scattering to and from the X7 valley. Later timescales show carrier-phonon interactions in the X6 valley with hot phonon and screening effects. Fluence-dependent relaxation is observed over 30 to 52 ps for 2.3 to 72 μJ/cm2 fluences. The prolonged relaxation of GaP is due to impeded (hot) phonon decay and screening at low and high fluences, respectively.

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