We report the in situ growth of p and n-type graphene thin films by ultraviolet pulsed laser deposition in the presence of argon and nitrogen, respectively. Electron microscopy and Raman studies confirmed the growth, while temperature dependent electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient studies confirmed the polarity type of graphene films. Nitrogen doping at different sites of the honeycomb structure, responsible for n-type conduction, is identified using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, for films grown in nitrogen. A diode-like rectifying behavior is exhibited by p-n junction diodes fabricated using the graphene films.
REFERENCES
1.
A. K.
Geim
, Science
324
, 1530
–1534
(2009
).2.
3.
C.
Soldano
, A.
Mahmood
, and E.
Dujardin
, Carbon
48
, 2127
–2150
(2010
).4.
A. K.
Geim
and K. S.
Novoselov
, Nature Mater.
6
, 183
–191
(2007
).5.
A. H.
Castro Neto
, F.
Guinea
, N. M. R.
Peres
, K. S.
Novoselov
, and A. K.
Geim
, Rev. Mod. Phys.
81
, 109
–162
(2009
).6.
R.
Cruz-Silva
, A.
Morelos-Gómez
, S.
Vega-Díaz
, F.
Tristán-López
, A. L.
Elias
, N.
Perea-López
, H.
Muramatsu
, T.
Hayashi
, K.
Fujisawa
, Y. A.
Kim
, M.
Endo
, and M.
Terrones
, ACS Nano
7
, 2192
–2204
(2013
).7.
H.
Wang
, T.
Maiyalagan
, and X.
Wang
, ACS Catal.
2
, 781
–794
(2012
).8.
K. S.
Novoselov
, A. K.
Geim
, S. V.
Morozov
, D.
Jiang
, Y.
Zhang
, S. V.
Dubonos
, I. V.
Grigorieva
, and A. A.
Firsov
, Science
306
, 666
–669
(2004
).9.
A.
Reina
, X.
Jia
, J.
Ho
, D.
Nezich
, H.
Son
, V.
Bulovic
, M. S.
Dresselhaus
, and J.
Kong
, Nano Lett.
9
, 30
–35
(2009
).10.
S.
Stankovich
, D. A.
Dikin
, R. D.
Piner
, K. A.
Kohlhaas
, A.
Kleinhammes
, Y.
Jia
, Y.
Wu
, S. T.
Nguyen
, and R. S.
Ruoff
, Carbon
45
, 1558
–1565
(2007
).11.
Y.
Shao
, J.
Wang
, M.
Engelhard
, C.
Wang
, and Y.
Lin
, J. Mater. Chem.
20
, 743
–748
(2010
).12.
V. A.
Smirnov
, N. N.
Denisov
, and M. V.
Alfimov
, Nanotechnol. Russ.
8
, 1
–22
(2013
).13.
H. C.
Schniepp
, J.-L.
Li
, M. J.
McAllister
, H.
Sai
, M.
Herrera-Alonso
, D. H.
Adamson
, R. K.
Prud'homme
, R.
Car
, D. A.
Saville
, and I. A.
Aksay
, J. Phys. Chem. B
110
, 8535
–8539
(2006
).14.
W.
Qian
, R.
Hao
, Y.
Hou
, Y.
Tian
, C.
Shen
, H.
Gao
, and X.
Liang
, Nano Res.
2
, 706
–712
(2009
).15.
K.
Fujita
, K.
Banno
, H. R.
Aryal
, and T.
Egawa
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
101
, 163109
(2012
).16.
X.
Wang
, X.
Li
, L.
Zhang
, Y.
Yoon
, P. K.
Weber
, H.
Wang
, J.
Guo
, and H.
Dai
, Science
324
, 768
–771
(2009
).17.
X.
Li
, H.
Wang
, J. T.
Robinson
, H.
Sanchez
, G.
Diankov
, and H.
Dai
, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
131
, 15939
–15944
(2009
).18.
D.
Deng
, X.
Pan
, L.
Yu
, Y.
Cui
, Y.
Jiang
, J.
Qi
, W.-X.
Li
, Q.
Fu
, X.
Ma
, Q.
Xue
, G.
Sun
, and X.
Bao
, Chem. Mater.
23
, 1188
–1193
(2011
).19.
Y.
Xue
, B.
Wu
, L.
Jiang
, Y.
Guo
, L.
Huang
, J.
Chen
, J.
Tan
, D.
Geng
, B.
Luo
, W.
Hu
, G.
Yu
, and Y.
Liu
, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
134
, 11060
–11063
(2012
).20.
L. S.
Panchakarla
, K. S.
Subrahmanyam
, S. K.
Saha
, A.
Govindaraj
, H. R.
Krishnamurthy
, U. V.
Waghmare
, and C. N. R.
Rao
, Adv. Mater.
21
, 4726
–4730
(2009
).21.
Y.
Shao
, S.
Zhang
, M. H.
Engelhard
, G.
Li
, G.
Shao
, Y.
Wang
, J.
Liu
, I. A.
Aksay
, and Y.
Lin
, J. Mater. Chem.
20
, 7491
–7496
(2010
).22.
S. R. S.
Kumar
and H. N.
Alshareef
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
102
, 012110
–012114
(2013
).23.
K.
Ajay
, G.
Abhijit
, and P.
Pagona
, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
24
, 235503
(2012
).24.
Y.-F.
Lu
, S.-T.
Lo
, J.-C.
Lin
, W.
Zhang
, J.-Y.
Lu
, F.-H.
Liu
, C.-M.
Tseng
, Y.-H.
Lee
, C.-T.
Liang
, and L.-J.
Li
, ACS Nano
7
, 6522
–6532
(2013
).25.
Z.-H.
Sheng
, L.
Shao
, J.-J.
Chen
, W.-J.
Bao
, F.-B.
Wang
, and X.-H.
Xia
, ACS Nano
5
, 4350
–4358
(2011
).26.
S.
Kundu
, T. C.
Nagaiah
, W.
Xia
, Y.
Wang
, S. V.
Dommele
, J. H.
Bitter
, M.
Santa
, G.
Grundmeier
, M.
Bron
, W.
Schuhmann
, and M.
Muhler
, J. Phys. Chem. C
113
, 14302
–14310
(2009
).27.
W.
Shockley
, Bell Syst. Tech. J.
28
, 435
(1949
).28.
Y. W.
Heo
, Y. W.
Kwon
, Y.
Li
, S. J.
Pearton
, and D. P.
Norton
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
84
, 3474
–3476
(2004
).29.
J. H. C.
Casey
, J.
Muth
, S.
Krishnankutty
, and J. M.
Zavada
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
68
, 2867
–2869
(1996
).© 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
2013
AIP Publishing LLC
You do not currently have access to this content.
