Nanographene was synthesized from platelet carbon nanofiber by supercritical fluid (SCF) exfoliation without acid oxidation. During the exfoliation process, a progressive decrease in the number of layers was accompanied by the cutting of the basal plane. Raman spectroscopy was used to identify the quality of the samples, revealing that the defect density in the basal plane of the nanographene can be reduced to less than that of the starting material during SCF exfoliation.

1.
Y. W.
Son
,
M. M.
Cohen
, and
S. G.
Louie
,
Nature
444
,
347
(
2006
);
[PubMed]
Y. W.
Son
,
M. M.
Cohen
, and
S. G.
Louie
,
Phys. Rev. Lett.
97
,
216803
(
2006
).
[PubMed]
2.
T.
Enoki
and
Y.
Kobayashi
,
J. Mater. Chem.
15
,
3999
(
2005
).
3.
K. A.
Ritter
and
J. W.
Lyding
,
Nature Mater.
8
,
235
(
2009
).
4.
M. Y.
Han
,
B.
Ozyilmaz
,
Y.
Zhang
, and
P.
Kim
,
Phys. Rev. Lett.
98
,
206805
(
2007
).
5.
K. S.
Novoselov
,
D.
Jiang
,
F.
Schedin
,
T. J.
Booth
,
V. V.
Khotkevich
,
S. V.
Morozov
, and
A. K.
Geim
,
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
102
,
10451
(
2005
).
6.
C.
Berger
,
Z.
Song
,
X
,
Li
,
X.
Wu
,
N.
Brown
,
C.
Naud
,
D.
Mayou
,
T.
Li
,
J.
Hass
,
A. N.
Marchenkov
,
E. H.
Conrad
,
P. N.
First
, and
W. A.
de Heer
,
Science
312
,
1191
(
2006
).
7.
T.
Ohta
,
F. E.
Gabaly
,
A.
Bostwick
,
J. L.
McChesney
,
K. V.
Emtsev
,
A. K.
Schmid
,
T.
Seyller
,
K.
Horn
, and
E.
Rotenberg
,
New J. Phys.
10
,
023034
(
2008
).
8.
C.
Berger
,
Z. M.
Song
,
T. B.
Li
,
X. B.
Li
,
A. Y.
Ogbazghi
,
R.
Feng
,
Z. T.
Dai
,
A. N.
Marchenkov
,
E. H.
Conrad
,
P. N.
First
, and
W. A.
de Heer
,
J. Phys. Chem. B
108
,
19912
(
2004
).
9.
W.
Hummers
and
R.
Offeman
,
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
80
,
1339
(
1958
).
10.
S.
Park
,
J.
An
,
R. D.
Piner
,
I.
Jung
,
D.
Yang
,
A.
Velamakanni
,
S. B. T.
Nguyen
, and
R. S.
Ruoff
,
Chem. Mater.
20
,
6592
(
2008
).
11.
S.
Stankovich
,
D. A.
Dikin
,
R.
Piner
,
K. M.
Kohlhaas
,
A.
Kleinhammes
,
Y.
Jia
,
Y.
Wu
,
S. T.
Nguyen
, and
R. S.
Ruoff
,
Carbon
45
,
1558
(
2007
).
12.
D.
Rangappa
,
K.
Sone
,
M.
Wang
,
U. K.
Gautam
,
D.
Golberg
,
H.
Itoh
,
M.
Ichihara
, and
I.
Honma
,
Chem. Eur. J.
16
,
6488
(
2010
).
13.
J.-H.
Jang
,
D.
Rangappa
,
Y.
Kwon
, and
I.
Honma
,
J. Mater. Chem.
21
,
3462
(
2011
).
14.
N.
Pu
,
C.
Wang
,
Y.
Sung
,
Y.
Liu
, and
M.
Ger
,
Mater. Lett.
63
,
1987
(
2009
).
15.
T.
Schwamb
,
B. R.
Burg
,
N. C.
Schirmer
, and
D.
Poulikakos
,
Nanotechnology
,
20
,
405704
(
2009
).
16.
C.
Mattevi
,
G.
Eda
,
S.
Agnoli
,
S.
Miller
,
K. A.
Mkhoyan
,
O.
Celik
,
D.
Mastrogiovanni
,
G.
Granozzi
,
E.
Garfunkel
, and
M.
Chhowalla
,
Adv. Funct. Mater.
19
,
2577
(
2009
).
17.
See supplementary material at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4726113 for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of p-CNF and AFM image of nanographene derived from p-CNF and Raman spectroscopic analysis and AFM measurement for graphene derived from graphite powder.
18.
N. M.
Rodriguez
,
A.
Chambers
, and
R. T. K.
Baker
,
Lamgmuir
11
,
3862
(
1995
).
19.
A. C.
Ferrari
,
J. C.
Meyer
,
V.
Scardaci
,
C.
Casiraghi
,
M
,
Lazzeri
,
S.
Piscanec
,
D.
Jiang
,
K. S.
Novoselov
,
S.
Roth
, and
A. K.
Geim
,
Phys. Rev. Lett.
97
,
187401
(
2006
).
20.
L. G.
Cançado
,
A.
Jorio
, and
M. A.
Pimenta
,
Phys. Rev. B
76
,
064304
(
2007
).
21.
L. G.
Cançado
,
A.
Jorio
,
E. M.
Martins Ferreira
,
F.
Stavale
,
C. A.
Achete
,
R. B.
Capaz
,
M. V. O.
Moutinho
,
A.
Lombardo
,
T. S.
Kulmala
, and
A. C.
Ferrari
,
Nano Lett.
11
,
3190
(
2011
).

Supplementary Material

You do not currently have access to this content.