Molybdenum disulphide/titanium dioxide nanocomposite-poly 3-hexylthiophene bulk heterojunction solar cell

Demonstration of hybrid bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar photovoltaic cell employing molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂)/titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanocomposite (∼15 μm thick) and poly 3-hexylthiophene (P3HT) active layers is presented in this letter. The dominant Raman peak at 146 cm⁻¹ confirmed TiO₂, while two other peaks observed at 383 cm⁻¹ and 407 cm⁻¹ asserted MoS₂ in the nanocomposite film. The demonstrated BHJ solar cell, having a stacked structure of indium tin oxide/TiO₂/MoS₂/P3HT/gold, exhibits a short circuit current density of 4.7 mA/cm², open circuit voltage of 560 mV, and photoconversion efficiency of 1.3% under standard AM1.5 illumination condition. We observe that the quality of TiO₂/MoS₂/P3HT interfaces, as reflected in the dark saturation current in low- and medium-forward-bias region, plays a key role in impacting solar cell performance due to interfacial recombination effect.