This study aims to review various failure mechanisms of stay vanes that are components of Francis turbine unit in pumped hydroelectric energy storage. The target is to propose guides for evaluation of such failure which is vital for an important component of contemporary electricity grid with renewable sources. The preview of existing research studies is used as a basis for further problem examination. Possible mechanisms of stay vanes failure are examined and summarized that is used for further detailed review of the most probable reasons for crack generation in stay vanes. Dynamic loads as hydraulic pulsations, decreased spiral case rigidity and cycling fatigue are analyzed. The results show as low-cycle fatigue as the most probable cause of cracks and further detailed methodology for assessment is developed.
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