Design optimization of solar desiccant cooling system for the climatic condition of Kuwait

Air-conditioning accounts for up to 60% of the energy use in buildings in Kuwait. Also, air-conditioning consumes about 70% of the electricity during peak hours. Widespread air-conditioning system installation increases the total energy consumption resulting in a large carbon footprint and raising the peak load demand, causing excessive strains on the power grid. Heat-driven air-conditioning systems that use solar energy are now emerging as alternatives to electricity-driven convectional refrigerated air conditioners. These systems are more energy-efficient, with lower carbon emissions while also ensuring better indoor air quality and comfort when optimally designed. Among the heat-driven air- conditioning systems, the desiccant cooling system and vapor absorption refrigeration system are among the most potential systems. This paper presents a numerical investigation on the design optimization of various solar desiccant cooling systems for Kuwait's climate. The numerical model of the system is developed using validated components. Various design configurations analyzed include solar heating system, regeneration air for the desiccant wheel. It is found that an evacuated tube solar collector in conjunction with returning air from the building to regenerate the desiccant wheel provides the best results.