This paper presents data on gender balance in physics in Israel, from the first encounter of young pupils with the subject, mainly at high school, through higher education, to the academic staff at Israeli institutions. The segregation by gender by field of study and, later, by occupation becomes very clear when the data on physics education and academic careers in Israel are analyzed. The percentage starts at about one-third girls who study physics at high school, drops to about 16% of female students at the first, second, and third university degrees, and then drops further down to about 7% of academic staff. During the last few years, universities in Israel have applied a series of initiatives to promote gender balance, but apart from preliminary evidence, it is still not possible to assess the success of these programs in improving gender balance.

1.
Committee Report: Advancement and Representation of Women in Institutions of Higher Education in Israel
(
Israeli Ministry of Science, Technology and Space
,
Jerusalem
,
2015
).
2.
Y.
Nir
and
M. Eran
Jona
,
Women in Physics in Israel: 2016–17 Academic Year, preliminary findings
(unpublished, 2017).
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