Research progress of small-molecule targeted anti-tumor drugs

At present, malignant tumor is still the second most fatal disease in the world. Different from conventional treatment methods of malignant tumor such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, as a new method of tumor treatment, is becoming a hot spot in tumor treatment research with its advantages of high efficacy, low toxic side effects and high specificity. With the continuous development of molecular biological mechanisms and the continuous promotion and support of the biotechnology industry, the exploration of tumors has also further deepened. More and more tumor specific molecular targets have been recognized by people, followed by the development of anti-tumor small molecule targeted drugs. The thesis aims to summarize and review the tumor targets and the corresponding small molecule targeted drugs according to the different molecular biological characteristics of tumors. In the March 2011 issue of Cell, professor Douglas Hanahan and professor Robert A. Weinberg published a review: Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation, which summarized the hot spots and advances in oncology in the last decade, and expanded the six features of tumor cells to ten. These ten characteristics are as follows: Self-sufficient Growth Signals, Insensitivity to Antigrowth Signals, Resisting the Cell Death, Limitless Replicative Potential, Sustained Angiogenesis, Tissue Invasion and Metastasis, Avoiding Immune Destruction, Tumor Promotion Inflammation, Deregulating Cellular Energetics, and Genome Instability and Mutation. In this thesis, we elaborate the current research progress of small molecule targeted anti-tumor drugs from the classification of ten characteristics of tumors.