Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia among humans. However, no commercial drug is available to fully cure the disease or reverse the progress. APOE4 is recognized as the greatest risk factor of a sporadic AD. APOE is thought to alter the metabolism of Aβ and tau, influence lipid metabolisms (especially for cholesterols), glial cell inflammation, and synapse, which may contribute to neuronal degeneration. Here we reviewed the current update on the functions of APOE that was related to AD pathology. We also presented and evaluated the potential clinical options based on APOE including immunotherapies, gene therapy, and chemical structure correctors.
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