Characteristic of folic acid monomer and distribution af both fermented broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) and spinach (Amaranthus sp.) for forticant of natural nano folate

Fermentation process on broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) and spinach (Amaranthus sp.) by kombucha culture is a novelty fermentation food to produce natural folic acid powder as nano-folate fortificant via microfiltration (MF) and freeze drying processes. The result of experiment activity showed that fermentation, MF and drying processes on both fermented broccoli and spinach produced biomass (feed), concentrate, permeate and powder as nano-folate from each material with composition, colour, characteristic of folic acid monomer, and particle distribution influenced by process treatment. Based on optimization of folic acid, powder from both fermented broccoli and spinach concentrates gave the best composition compared to other powders, consisted of folic acid 1626.94 µg/mL and 231.88 µg/mL, total solids 88.65 % and 87.23 %, dissolved protein 1.45 mg/mL and 0.93 mg/mL, total sugars 25.13 mg/mL and 22.66 mg/mL, and reducing sugars 56.67 mg/mL and 34.45 mg/mL, respectively. In this condition, powder from both fermented broccoli and spinach concentrates yielded particle distribution with particle diameter size (Ø) larger 1000 nm (718.5 nm and 850.5 nm), particle index (PI) (1.97 and 2,00), and frequency (65 % and 55 %). Identification on folic acid monomer at both concentrate powder of fermented brocoli and spinah showed domination of folic acid monomer with molecular weight (MW) 442.69 Dalton (Da.) and 441.34 Da. and relative intensities 3.11 % and 2.19 %, respectively.