Bioassay test of the insecticide synthetic pyrethroid against Aedes aegypti mosquito resistance in three districts of Tangerang city

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a major health problem in all regions of Indonesia. Banten Province, and especially the city of Tangerang, is one of the areas where DHF is endemic. One way to overcome DHF in Indonesia is by eradicating the vector of dengue virus, the Aedes aegypti mosquito, using chemical insecticides. Synthetic pyrethroid insecticides such as cypermetrin, d-allethrin, deltamethrin, and transflutrin are used to control dengue vectors in Indonesia by killing adult mosquitoes. Continuous use of insecticides can cause mosquitoes to develop. Ae. aegypti mosquito samples were obtained from three districts in Tangerang. Each sample examined contained up to 100 mosquitoes from each district. This research is an experimental posttest, and the only control group design to know the status of Ae. aegypti resistance against pyrethroid synthetic insecticide was tested by probit analysis. Analysis was performed by counting the number, percentage, and time of death for the test mosquito after 24 hours of exposure. Ae. aegypti used as a positive control were obtained from the Parasitology Laboratory IPB Bogor. The highest mosquito mortality was on 0.03% transfluthrin active material (susceptible); only in the Cihuni district (with an active substance of 0.0097% metofluthrin) were mosquitoes classified as resistant, while at the effective concentration of all three active ingredients in Medang and Kelapa Dua, as well as metofluthrin 0.0097% in the Cihuni district, all mosquitoes were susceptible. The conclusion is Ae. aegypti from three districts in Tangerang city have various resistance levels to pyrethroid synthetic insecticide, so its use for DHF control needs reconsideration.