Most of species Dioscorea commonly produced a tuber that can be utilized as foods and medicine. This utilization was based on carbohydrate and secondary metabolites. One species of Dioscorea is tomboreso (Dioscorea pentaphylla L.). The purposes of this study were to identify the morphological and leaf anatomical variation of tomboreso and to determine the phenetic relationship between samples (OTUs). Samples were collected in some areas of Yogyakarta by survey methods. Morphological characterization and scoring include of tubers, stems, leaves were conducted IPGRI of Dioscorea. Leaf anatomical preparation conducted using embedding and longitudinal preparations to calculate stomatal density and trichomes. Based on presence and absence characters was calculated similarity index between OTUs produced similarity matrix. Based on similarity matrix using UPGMA was created dendrogram. Cluster analysis from dendrogram was determined by phenon line 70 %. Results showed that the relationship of tomboreso based on dendrogram of morphological and leaf anatomical characters forming into four clusters (A, B, C, D). Based on scatter plot PCA of morphological character, the dominant character was made the A clusters characterized by tuber flesh color, cluster B by tuber color, cluster C by leaf color and cluster D by length of leaf. Based on scatter plot PCA leaf of anatomical character, the dominant character was made the A clusters characterized by abaxial trichome density, cluster B by epidermal side of the epidermis, cluster C by adaxial trichome density, and cluster D is the thickness of laminae. Some samples have 100 % similarity Index (IS). It can be concluded that 12 tomboreso accessions in Yogyakarta are closely relationship.

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