Fabrication and characterization of perovskite based solar cells using phthalocyanine and naphthalocyanine as hole-transporting layer

Organic-inorganic hybrid heterojunction solar cells containing CH₃NH₃PbI₃ perovskite compound were fabricated using TiO₂ as an electronic transporting layer and spirobifluorence as a hole-transporting layer. The purpose of the present study is to investigate a role of the hole-transporting layer on the photovoltaic properties and microstructures of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ perovskite solar cells. The X-ray diffraction identified crystal structures of the perovskite layer in the solar cells. Optical microscopy showed different surface morphologies, and the perovskite structures on the TiO₂ mesoporous structure depended on addition of phthalocyanine into the hole-transporting layer. The photovoltaic properties and hole-transporting behavior was depending on carrier mobility, electron structures of the perovskite crystal and band gaps related with the photovoltaic parameters. Energy diagram and photovoltaic mechanism of the perovskite solar cells using hole-transporting layers were discussed by experimental results. Perovskite based solar cells using phthalocyanines as hole-transporting layers have advantages to provide a high photovoltaic performance with a wide region of optical absorption.