The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a neutron science facility funded by a collaboration of 17 European countries currently under design and construction in Lund, Sweden. The centerpiece of ESS is a 2.5 GeV proton linac utilizing superconducting RF cavities operating at 2 K. In addition to cooling the SRF cavities, cryogenics is also used at ESS in the liquid hydrogen moderators surrounding the target. ESS also uses both liquid helium and liquid nitrogen in a number of the planned neutron instruments. There is also a significant cryogenic installation associated with the site acceptance testing of the ESS cryomodules. The ESS cryogenic system consists of 3 separate helium refrigeration/liquefaction plants supplying the accelerator, target moderators and instruments. An extensive cryogenic distribution system connects the accelerator cryoplant with the cryomodules. This paper describes the preliminary design of the ESS cryogenic system including the expected heat loads. Challenges associated with the required high reliability and turn-down capability will also be discussed. A unique feature of ESS is its commitment to sustainability and energy recovery. A conceptual design for recovering waste heat from the helium compressors for use in the Lund district heating system will also be described.
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29 January 2014
ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING: Transactions of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference - CEC
17–21 June 2013
Anchorage, Alaska, USA
Research Article|
January 29 2014
Status of the ESS cryogenic system
J. G. Weisend II;
J. G. Weisend II
European Spallation Source ESS AB, SE-22100 Lund,
Sweden
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C. Darve;
C. Darve
European Spallation Source ESS AB, SE-22100 Lund,
Sweden
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S. Gallimore;
S. Gallimore
European Spallation Source ESS AB, SE-22100 Lund,
Sweden
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W. Hees;
W. Hees
European Spallation Source ESS AB, SE-22100 Lund,
Sweden
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J. Jurns;
J. Jurns
European Spallation Source ESS AB, SE-22100 Lund,
Sweden
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T. Köttig;
T. Köttig
European Spallation Source ESS AB, SE-22100 Lund,
Sweden
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P. Ladd;
P. Ladd
European Spallation Source ESS AB, SE-22100 Lund,
Sweden
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S. Molloy;
S. Molloy
European Spallation Source ESS AB, SE-22100 Lund,
Sweden
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T. Parker;
T. Parker
European Spallation Source ESS AB, SE-22100 Lund,
Sweden
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X. L. Wang
X. L. Wang
European Spallation Source ESS AB, SE-22100 Lund,
Sweden
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J. G. Weisend II
C. Darve
S. Gallimore
W. Hees
J. Jurns
T. Köttig
P. Ladd
S. Molloy
T. Parker
X. L. Wang
European Spallation Source ESS AB, SE-22100 Lund,
Sweden
AIP Conf. Proc. 1573, 633–638 (2014)
Citation
J. G. Weisend II, C. Darve, S. Gallimore, W. Hees, J. Jurns, T. Köttig, P. Ladd, S. Molloy, T. Parker, X. L. Wang; Status of the ESS cryogenic system. AIP Conf. Proc. 29 January 2014; 1573 (1): 633–638. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4860761
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