Calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] is the most widely used in multi-visit root canal treatment as intracanal medicament. Before the root canal filling, Complete of calcium hydroxide removal is necessary to avoid any adverse impacts. The aims of this study was to determine the various irrigation techniques efficacy for water-based and oil-based Ca(OH)2 removal in S-shaped root canal. Eighty resin blocks with s-shaped root canal were prepared using E-Flex Blue up to size #20/.04, then filled using water-based Ca(OH)2 (n=40) and oil-based Ca(OH)2 (n=40). All specimens were incubated with 100% humidity at 37° for 7 days. Four groups were created from each type of Ca(OH)2 based on the irrigation technique (n=10): Manual Dynamic Activation (MDA), canal brush, ultrasonic, and sonic. The irrigant used was sodium hypochlorite 2.5%. Ca(OH)2 cleanliness measurements were measured using Photoshop CC software. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for data statistical analysis and was followed by conducting the Tukey post hoc test (p=0.05). The results showed that there was no significant difference between water-based and oil-based Ca(OH)2 (p>0.05). Based on irrigation technique, ultrasonic presented most effective way to remove Ca(OH)2, but there was no significant difference compared to sonic irrigation technique (p>0.05) and no difference significantly to MDA and canal brush (p<0.05). Meanwhile, MDA and canal brush showed no significant difference (p>0.05). Water-based and oil-based Ca(OH)2 have no significant difference in the cleanness in the S-shaped root canal after irrigation procedure, while ultrasonic showed the most effective irrigation technique to remove Ca(OH)2.
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