The cocoa industry is a significant contributor to the global economy, with cocoa beans serving as a primary ingredient in various popular products such as chocolates, cocoa powder, and cocoa butter. However, cocoa farming is not without its challenges, as cocoa pod diseases can significantly impact crop yields and economic profits. Consequently, there is a developing need to develop efficient methods for identifying and categorizing cocoa bean pods either healthy or diseased. To address this issue, the authors of the paper implemented deep learning algorithms, specifically a dense convolutional neural network (CNN), to perform cocoa pod disease detection. The main goal of this analysis was to develop an effective method for identifying defects in cocoa pods. To train their deep learning model, the authors collected a dataset of Cocoa Pod images from Google and Kaggle datasets. By using a dense CNN model, the authors were able to accurately classify cocoa pods as healthy or defective. The proposed method is a promising approach for identifying diseased cocoa pods and can potentially be used to aid in the early detection and management of cocoa pod diseases, ultimately improving crop yields and economic profits for cocoa farmers.

1.
P
P. P.
Patel
and
D. B.
Vaghela
, “
Crop Diseases and Pests Detection Using Convolutional Neural Network
”,
2019 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Computer and Communication Technologies (ICECCT)
, pp.
1
4
,
2019
.
2.
S.
Albawi
,
T. A.
Mohammed
and
S.
Al-Zawi
, “
Understanding of a convolutional neural network
”,
2017 International Conference on Engineering and Technology (ICET)
, pp.
1
6
,
2017
.
3.
J. S.
Henderson
,
R. A.
Joyce
,
G. R.
Hall
,
W. J.
Hurst
and
P. E.
McGovern
, “
Chemical and archaeological evidence for the earliest cacao beverages
”,
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
, vol.
104
, no.
48
, pp.
18 937
18
940,
2007
.
4.
Alireza
Rahmanian
,
Seyed Ahmad
Mireei
,
Saeid
Sadri
,
Mahdiyeh
Gholami
,
Majid
Nazeri
,
Application of biospeckle laser imaging for early detection of chilling and freezing disorders in orange
,
Postharvest Biology and Technology
, Volume
162
,
2020
,
111118
, ISSN 0925-5214.
5.
Soini
,
Charles
T.
,
Sofiane
Fellah
and
Muhammad R.
Abid
. “
Citrus Greening Infection Detection (CiGID) by Computer Vision and Deep Learning
.”
Proceedings of the 2019 3rd International Conference on Information System and Data Mining
(
2019
).
6.
S.
Abirami
and
M.
Thilagavathi
, “
Classification of fruit diseases using feed forward back propagation neural network
”,
2019 International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing (ICCSP)
, pp.
0765
0768
,
2019
.
7.
Monica
Jhuria
,
Ashwani
Kumar
and
Rushikesh
Borse
, “
Image Processing For Smart Farming: Detection Of Disease And Fruit Grading
”,
Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE Second International Conference on Image Information Processing
.
8.
Mrunalini R.
Badnakhe
and
Prashant R.
Deshmukh
, “
Infected Leaf Analysis and Comparison by Otsu Threshold and k-Means Clustering
”,
International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering
, vol.
2
, no.
3
, March
2012
.
9.
H.
A1-Hiary
,
S.
Bani-Ahmad
,
M.
Reyalat
,
M.
Braik
and
Z.
Alrahamneh
, “
Fast and Accurate Detection and Classification of Plant Diseases
”,
International Journal of Computer Applications
, vol.
17
, no.
1
, March
2011
.
10.
A. -K.
Hamid
and
S.
Ansari
, “
Optimal Placement of Grid-Connected Wind Farms Based on Artificial Intelligence Techniques
”,
2022 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET)
, pp.
1
8
,
2022
.
11.
S.
Albawi
,
T. A.
Mohammed
and
S.
Al-Zawi
, “
Understanding of a convolutional neural network
”,
2017 International Conference on Engineering and Technology (ICET)
, pp.
1
6
,
2017
.
12.
P. P.
Patel
and
D. B.
Vaghela
, “
Crop Diseases and Pests Detection Using Convolutional Neural Network
”,
2019 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Computer and Communication Technologies (ICECCT)
, pp.
1
4
,
2019
.
13.
A.
Wajid
,
N. K.
Singh
,
P.
Junjun
and
M. A.
Mughal
, “
Recognition of ripe unripe and scaled condition of orange citrus based on decision tree classification
”, in
international conference on computing mathematics and engineering technologies
, pp.
1
4
,
2018
.
14.
K.
Tarale
and
A.
Bavaskar
, “
Fruit Detection Using Morphological Image Processing Technique
”, in
International Conference on Science and Engineering for Sustainable Development
, no.
3
, pp.
60
64
,
2017
.
15.
Jhuria
,
Monika
,
Ashwani
Kumar
, and
Rushikesh
Borse
. “
Image processing for smart farming: Detection of disease and fruit grading
.”
In 2013 IEEE second international conference on image information processing (ICIIP-2013)
, pp.
521
526
.
IEEE
,
2013
.
16.
Yang
,
J.
;
Yang
,
G.
Modified Convolutional Neural Network Based on Dropout and the Stochastic Gradient Descent Optimizer
.
Algorithms
2018
,
11
,
28
. .
17.
W.
Pan
,
J.
Qin
,
X.
Xiang
,
Y.
Wu
,
Y.
Tan
and
L.
Xiang
, “
A Smart Mobile Diagnosis System for Citrus Diseases Based on Densely Connected Convolutional Networks
”,
IEEE Access
, vol.
7
, pp.
87534
87542
,
2019
.
18.
B.
Zoph
and
Q. V
Le
, “
Searching for activation functions
”, in
6th International Conference on Learning Representations ICLR 2018–Workshop Track Proceedings
, pp.
1
13
,
2018
.
6
.
19.
R.
Nareshkumar
,
G.
Suseela
,
K.
Nimala
, and
G.
Niranjana
, “
Feasibility and Necessity of Affective Computing in Emotion Sensing of Drivers for Improved Road Safety
,”
Advances in Computational Intelligence and Robotics
, pp.
94
115
, Sep.
2022
, doi: .
20.
J.
Harish Kumar
and
J. J
Godwin Ponsam
, “
Cross site scripting (XSS) Vulnerability detection using machine learning and statistical analysis
,”
2023 International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics (ICCCI)
,
2023
. .
21.
R.
Nareshkumar
and
K.
Nimala
, “
An Exploration of Intelligent Deep Learning Models for Fine Grained Aspect-Based Opinion Mining
,”
2022 International Conference on Innovative Computing, Intelligent Communication and Smart Electrical Systems (ICSES)
, Jul.
2022
, doi: .
22.
P.
Sirenjeevi
,
J. M.
Karthick
,
K.
Agalya
,
R.
Srikanth
,
T.
Elangovan
, and
R.
Nareshkumar
, “
Leaf Disease Identification using ResNet
,”
2023 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Discovery in Concurrent Engineering (ICECONF)
, Jan.
2023
, doi: .
23.
R.
Nareshkumar
,
K.
Agalya
,
A.
Arunpandiyan
,
M.
Vijayalakshmi
,
V.
Ranjani
, and
A.
Ramya
, “
An Effective Deep Learning based Recommender System with user and item embedding
,”
2023 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Discovery in Concurrent Engineering (ICECONF)
, Jan.
2023
, doi: .
24.
L. J.
Sailesh
,
V. K.
Kumar
,
K.
Nimala
, and
R.
Nareshkumar
, “
Emotion Detection in Instagram Social Media Platform
,”
2023 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Discovery in Concurrent Engineering (ICECONF)
, Jan.
2023
, doi: .
25.
R.
Nareshkumar
and
K.
Nimala
, “
Interactive Deep Neural Network for Aspect-Level Sentiment Analysis
,”
2023 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Discovery in Concurrent Engineering (ICECONF)
, Jan.
2023
, doi: .
26.
H.
A
and B. S. P, “
Disease Classification and Detection Techniques in Rice Plant using Deep Learning
,”
2022 8th International Conference on Smart Structures and Systems (ICSSS)
,
Chennai, India
,
2022
, pp.
1
-
7
, doi: .
This content is only available via PDF.
You do not currently have access to this content.