Controlled low strength materials containing industrial by products - A review Available to Purchase

Controlled low-strength material (CLSM) is a self-leveling and self-compacting pozzolan backfill material made from various industrial by-products. The ingredients such as Fly ash, Red mud (RM), GGBS, etc can be used in different combinations to obtain the required CLSM mix. RM is a granular by-product of the Bayer process, which manufactures alumina from bauxite. Every year, India produces approximately 4-5 million tonnes of red mud. It is currently stored or disposed of near alumina factories on land or in the oceans. It has excessive alkalinity, on the other hand, poses a threat to water, land, and air pollution. India is the largest producer of alumina. Due to variances in ore types used in the production procedures, there are some changes in mineralogical composition between leftovers from India and other nations. This review study investigates the applications and benefits of CLSM including a variety of industrial by-products. The flowability, UCS, and microstructural characteristics of CLSM are reviewed.