The sustainability articulation in churches visually

Christian architecture was distinguished among its various types by a set of unique design characteristics at the level of spatial organization, facades, and mass configuration. These characteristics vary within the different functional types of Christian architecture, such as churches, cathedrals, and monasteries. Variation also appeared within its different models and throughout history, from the appearance of its early prototypes to the contemporary period; among these characteristics is the type of joints and hinges within the spatial organization at the level of the horizontal and vertical dimensions and at the level of the third dimension as well. This came through linking or separating the parts, achieving the feature of homogeneity, flexibility, and coherence of the composition, whether the articulated parts are similar or asymmetrical in type, shape, and purpose. Most of the previous knowledge focused on the study of ecclesiastical architecture in general; a need arose to clarify the relationship of this to the architecture of the traditional local church rather than the contemporary one. Therefore, it was determined that the research problem is "the lack of clarity in the nature of the visual articulation in the architecture of the traditional local churches from the contemporary." The quantitative approach was adopted in the research and included building a theoretical framework on the levels of visual articulation and practical study and analyzing the data, recording the results, and determining the conclusions, as it was found that there is a disparity in the density of the visible articulations in terms of the number of elements at the total level, where the complexity appeared in the traditional matched by contemporary simplicity of the contemporary (at the levels of formation beginning, middle, ends and end), while This disparity between the two types did not appear in terms of the strength of the articulations within a certain area, as it was shown the balanced and homogeneous spread of these elements in general with some distinction of traditionalism at the detailed level.