Performance evaluation of electric vehicle with passive hybrid fuel cell system

In this paper, an evaluation is carried out for hybrid electric vehicles with passive fuel cell configurations and their effect on the performance of light electric vehicles. To drive the power train, a lithium battery and a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) type fuel cell with a power of 1kW fuelled by a compressed hydrogen cylinder onboard. Passive fuel cells are very suitable for reducing the hardware installed on the vehicle, thus simplifying electrical system design and making the vehicle lighter due to the reduction of batteries and other components. This application does not use a DC/DC converter, so it will reduce power loss due to conversion. The electricity generated can be directly used to drive the powertrain. The battery and fuel cell voltages used are selected in the same operating voltage range so that the system can operate properly. The test results show that the fuel cell contribution starts from 20% and will increase in line with the battery's decreasing state of charge (SoC). The controller will stop the fuel cell system when the gas pressure decreases under operational conditions.