The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics and the effectiveness of Cd/ANZ, Cr/ANZ, and Cd-Cr/ANZ catalysts on conversion process of glycerol to ethanol. Zeolite was activated using 1% HF and refluxed with 6 M HCl and 1 M NH4Cl. Catalysts of Cd/ANZ, Cr/ANZ, and Cd-Cr/ANZ are white granules with a size of 100 mesh. The Catalysts were characterized using XRD, XRF, surface area analysis, and catalyst acidity test. Conversion of glycerol to ethanol by ultrasonic assistance was done in various time of 2, 4, and 6 hours. The result of XRF and XRD characterization showed that natural zeolite is mordenite. Specific surface area of catalyst of Natural Zeolite, H-ANZ, Cd/ANZ, Cr/ANZ, and Cd-Cr/ANZ were 140.06, 129.66, 124,534, 126.348, and 135.218 m2/g respectively. The total acidity level of Activated Natural Zeolite, H-ANZ, Cd/ANZ, Cr/ANZ, and Cd-Cr/ANZ catalysts were 0.74, 1.41, 0.49, 0.47, and 0.43 mmol/g respectively. The highest glycerol conversion was obtained when Cd-Cr/ANZ catalyst was used and in a sonication time of 6 hours with yield of 43.84% wt ethanol.

Topics
Sonochemistry, Zeolites, Organic compounds, Catalysts and Catalysis
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