The Internet of Things (IoT) aims to connect massive sensing devices through wireless networks to realize information interaction between the physical world and the virtual world. Wireless sensor networks, which have emerged as a result of advancements in wireless communication, micro electro-mechanical systems technology, and electronics, offer a wide range of future applications. In many circumstances, appropriate key management is required for networking security. The mechanism used to tackle the challenge of creating, establishing, distributing, and maintaining secret session keys is known as key management. Authentication and key exchange in IoT faces major challenges owing in part to the fact that constituent devices are resource constrained, deployed in environments where physical access to devices is possible. We describe ideas and strategies for designing authenticated key management systems for wireless sensor networks in an IoT environment. In this paper, we address several aspects related to pairwise key management, group key and establishment including issues related to authentication in existing literature. We also discussed literature on the design and implementation of lightweight group key management protocols that can be deployed in various IoT group applications along with research directions.
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