Development of low-cost instrument for comparative analysis of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ distribution between urban and suburban areas based on IoT

Particulate Matter (PM) has an adverse impact on human health, air quality and atmospheric visibility. In April 2020, Jakarta was in ninth position based on the ranking of the world’s worst air quality via Air Visual. Until now, PM measurements in the field are still expensive and limited. Therefore, low - cost PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ measuring instruments were designed to support real-time monitoring with IoT applications. This instrument is installed in urban and suburban areas to find out how much the comparison of atmospheric conditions and PM distribution patterns with meteorological data analysis. Data collection was carried out for 54 days with hourly data processing. Analysis of the resulting PM data shows the highest PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 concentrations on Wednesday at both installation sites. The highest PM concentration in urban areas occurs during the day from the northwest with a range of 30-90µg/m³ and suburban areas at night from the north with a range of 20-70µg/m³. The correlation between processing results at both sites showed the highest value of 0.91 between PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ and the lowest value of 0.05 between air pressure and PM10. IoT communication has satisfactory results with the percentage of data transmission 98.16% for urban sites and 99.53% for suburban sites.