According to recent study, future power networks will experience a significant increase in renewable energy–based Distributed Generation (DG). Actions taken by the DG and the Distribution Management System (DMS) can have a direct impact. The examination of every electrical distribution system requires a distributed load flow (DFL) analysis. Microgrid is modelled in a non-isolated mode with renewable energy resources, distributed energy storage devices are employed as backup, electric vehicles are used as both controlled and uncontrolled loads, and DG is connected under complete block out. The usual load flow methods cannot be used to find the line flows and voltages because the defined network is a distributed system. In this study, spider monkeys’ social behavior is used to offer a new strategy to optimization. Animals having a fission-fusion social structure are known as spider monkeys. The sophisticated foraging behavior of animals with a fission-fusion social structure served as inspiration. SMO is a collaborative iterative trial and error technique, like the other population-based algorithms.

1.
A. M.
Hussein
,
Kamel
,
S.
,
Yu
,
Juan
,
J.
Francisco
, “
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Journal of King Saud Univ.-Computer and Information Sciences
,
2019
) pp.
1381
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2.
M. G.
Gonzalez
M,
F. J.
Rodriguez
,
F.
Jurado
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,” (
International Journal of Electric Power Energy System
,
2013
) pp.
48
57
3.
S.
Padmini
,
C. Asir
Rajan
,
S.
Chaudhuri
,
A.
Chakraborty
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Optimal Scheduling of Short Term Hydrothermal Coordination for an Indian Utility System Using Genetic Algorithm
,” (
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing (AISC) series of Springer
,
2012
) pp.
453
459
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4.
L.
Yang
,
Bo
,
Li
,
Guoqing
,
Q.
Junjian
,
Zhao
,
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,
M.
Yunfei
, “
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,” (
Applied Energy
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), pp.
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1081
.
5.
E. S.
ZzzAli
,
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Elazim
,
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Abdelaziz
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,” (
Energy
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) pp.
445
458
.
6.
C.
Wang
,
G.
Song
G.,
P.
Li
,
J.
Zhao
,
J.
Wu
, “
Optimal siting and sizing of soft open points in active electrical distribution networks
,” (
Applied Energy
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) pp.
301
309
.
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Tang
,
S.H
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,” (
IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid
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) pp.
3094
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.
8.
P.
Sivasankari
,
S.
Padmini
,
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Ilambirai
, “
Modelling control power management of grid connected hybrid PV battery diesel system
,” (
AIP Conference Proceedings
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) pp.
1
6
.
9.
M. H.
Moradi
,
M.
Abedini
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A combination of genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization for optimal DG location and sizing in distribution systems
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International Journal of Electric Power Energy Systems
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) pp.
66
74
.
10.
S.
Padmini
,
R.
Jegatheesan
, “
A new model for Short-term Hydrothermal Scheduling of a GENCO in the competitive electricity market
,” (
Indian Journal of Science and Technology
,
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) pp.
1
6
.
11.
P.S.
Georgilakis
,
N.D.
Hatziargyriou
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,” (
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
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3420
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H.
Lang
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.” (
In: Proceeding of IEEE power engineering society summer meeting
,
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) pp.
1643
44
.
13.
Banala
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,
Padmini
Sankaramurthy
,
B.
Chokkalingam
,
L.
Mihet-Popa
, “
Managing the Demand in a Micro Grid Based on Load Shifting with Controllable Devices Using Hybrid WFS2ACSO Technique
,” (
Energies
2021
) pp.
1
25
.
14.
C.
Wang
,
M.H.
Nehrir
, “
Analytical approaches for optimal placement of distributed generation sources in power systems
. (
IEEE Transactions on Power System”
2004
) pp.
2068
76
.
15.
A. M.
Hussein
,
Kamel
,
S.
,
Yu
,
Juan
,
J.
Francisco
, “
Hybrid salp swarm algorithm for integrating renewable distributed energy resources in distribution systems considering annual load growth
,” (
Journal of King Saud Univ.-Computer and Information Sciences
,
2019
) pp.
1381
1393
.
16.
M. G.
Gonzalez
M,
F. J.
Rodriguez
,
F.
Jurado
, “
A binary SFLA for probabilistic three-phase load flow in unbalanced distribution systems with technical constraints
,” (
International Journal of Electric Power Energy System
,
2013
) pp.
48
57
17.
S.
Padmini
,
C. Asir
Rajan
,
S.
Chaudhuri
,
A.
Chakraborty
, “
Optimal Scheduling of Short Term Hydrothermal Coordination for an Indian Utility System Using Genetic Algorithm
,” (
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing (AISC) series of Springer
,
2012
) pp.
453
459
.
18.
L.
Yang
,
Bo
,
Li
,
Guoqing
,
Q.
Junjian
,
Zhao
,
Dongbo
,
M.
Yunfei
, “
Optimal distributed generation planning in active distribution networks considering integration of energy storage
,” (
Applied Energy
2018
), pp.
1073
1081
.
19.
E. S.
ZzzAli
,
S.M. Abd
Elazim
,
A. Y.
Abdelaziz
, “
Ant lion optimization algorithm for renewable distributed generations
,” (
Energy
2016
) pp.
445
458
.
20.
C.
Wang
,
G.
Song
G.,
P.
Li
,
J.
Zhao
,
J.
Wu
, “
Optimal siting and sizing of soft open points in active electrical distribution networks
,” (
Applied Energy
2017
) pp.
301
309
.
21.
Y.
Tang
,
S.H.
Low
Optimal placement of energy storage in distribution networks
,” (
IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid
2017
) pp.
3094
3103
.
22.
P.
Sivasankari
,
S.
Padmini
,
R.C.
Ilambirai
, “
Modelling control power management of grid connected hybrid PV battery diesel system
,” (
AIP Conference Proceedings
2019
) pp.
1
6
.
23.
M. H.
Moradi
,
M.
Abedini
, “
A combination of genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization for optimal DG location and sizing in distribution systems
,”
International Journal of Electric Power Energy Systems
2012
) pp.
66
74
.
24.
S.
Padmini
,
R.
Jegatheesan
, “
A new model for Short-term Hydrothermal Scheduling of a GENCO in the competitive electricity market
,” (
Indian Journal of Science and Technology
,
2016
) pp.
1
6
.
25.
P.S.
Georgilakis
,
N.D.
Hatziargyriou
Optimal distributed generation placement in power distribution network: models, methods and future
,” (
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
2013
) pp.
3420
3428
.
26.
H.
Lang
Analytical methods and rules of thumb for modeling DG-distribution interaction
.” (
In: Proceeding of IEEE power engineering society summer meeting
,
2000
) pp.
1643
44
.
27.
Banala
Venkatesh
,
Padmini
Sankaramurthy
,
B.
Chokkalingam
,
L.
Mihet-Popa
, “
Managing the Demand in a Micro Grid Based on Load Shifting with Controllable Devices Using Hybrid WFS2ACSO Technique
,” (
Energies
2021
) pp.
1
25
.
28.
C.
Wang
,
M.H.
Nehrir
, “
Analytical approaches for optimal placement of distributed generation sources in power systems
. (
IEEE Transactions on Power System”
2004
) pp.
2068
76
.
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