In this research, 316L austenitic stainless steel (ASS) and medium carbon steel (MCS) were joined together by resistance spot welding. ERNiCr-3 filler wire in a form of foil was utilized as an interlayer. The microstructure evolution in the heat affected zone (HAZ) and fusion zone (FZ) was investigated. The impact of the welding process on the microhardness was examined. The results showed that the HAZ underwent a martensitic transformation near the fusion boundary. The FZ consisted of austenitic solidified microstructure with columnar dendritic solidification mode in as-welded joint, and cellular mode with the application of foil. The average microhardness values recorded in the base metal were 200 HV in the MCS and 220 HV in ASS. In the HAZ, the hardness increased to 400 HV due to the effect of martensite formation. While on the ASS side, the hardness remained at the same level. The big impact of the dissimilar welding on the microhardness was recorded in the FZ. The hardness raised to 680 HV in the as-welded joints and reduced to 530 HV when the foil was applied.
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