Use of in vitro culture in the breeding of melon Cucumis melo

Upon the use of in vitro culture from explants of cotyledons of germinated seeds, regenerant plants of melon Cucumis melo were obtained. Optimal combinations and concentrations of phytohormones were identified to achieve the highest percentage of regeneration frequency. Thus, with a combination of BA 1.0 and NAA 0.1 mg/L, the percentage of regeneration frequency was 63.5±0.9%, and with BA 1.5 and NAA 0.1 mg/L, it was 44.7±0.5%. As a result, 4 most perspective lines R31, R42, R53 and R65 were selected from 67 regenerative R0 lines, which were studied during 3 vegetation seasons (2019-2021). The study comprehensively presents the data of phenological observations, indicators of the growth of the vegetative mass, yield capacity and the results of biochemical analysis of fruits. The best indices compared to the control variety Govakan were obtained in lines R42 and R53. In these lines early fruit ripening has been observed, they formed larger fruits, respectively, 2.2±0.16kg and 2.4±0.21kg, while in the control variant they weighed 1.7±0.28kg, meanwhile, the average yield of these lines was 277.2 c/ha (R42) and 288.3c/ha (R53), and in control variant it was 264.6 c/ha. Biochemical parameters of the fruits were also relatively high. Currently, the regenerative lines R42 and R53 are included in further breeding works.