In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) constituted one of the major research areas which can offer solutions economically interesting and easily deployed to the remote monitoring and the data processing in several application domains. It became pervasive in all areas of our lives, viz: agriculture, healthcare, transportation, automation industry, banking, military, security and many other fields of application. This requires a larger and more complex network than the current internet. Therefore, it is crucial to create a unified IoT architecture and standardize IoT protocols to solve the challenges of energy efficiency, interoperability, scalability, security, bandwidth management. The communication protocols constitute an important part of the data communication of IoT applications. However, due to the diverse nature of IoT systems and their different messaging challenges, the selection of the appropriate messaging protocol is very difficult. Therefore, this paper presents a study of communication protocols MQTT, SMQTT, AMQP, and CoAP for IoT applications, to determine the appropriate protocol for each domain based on the type of IoT applications. It presents an evaluation of the important needs of some IoT application domains. Subsequently, it performs a detailed analysis of established communication protocols MQTT, SMQTT, AMQP, and CoAP.

Topics
Energy efficiency, Telecommunication networks, Theoretical computer science, Internet of things, Network theory, Health care, Industry, Treaties
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