Treatment of heavy oil contaminated with organometallic minerals by chemical methods and separation associated with oil operations to reduce environment pollution

Petroleum refinery effluents are among the most important pollutants of the natural ecosystem and are wastes resulting from the processing of crude oil, fuel, and intermediate petrochemical industries. There are many organic pollutants that result from petroleum processes associated with heavy oil extraction. Organometallic pollutants represented by compounds of both nickel and vanadium are among the most important pollutants of crude oil, which requires various processing processes, including chemical treatment which was selected as an effective method. From the literature follow-up, the protoprophrin complexes are among the most important nickel and vanadium complexes, which are frequently encountered in the petroleum refinery associated with oil extraction operations. The chemical treatment via acid as sulfuric acid (6M) (H₂SO₄) and ferrous sulphate followed by the adsorption process are some of the important methods used to dispose of the contaminated mineral oil. On the other hand, the experiment was carried out by taking samples of wastewater and remedied chemically. Both techniques’ adsorption process via the red clay as solid phase were kept in a static phase. The experiment was carried out to conduct both Nickel and vanadium protoprophrin complexes. The organometallic complexes of each nickel and vanadium were prepared in this study and then diagnosed by infrared spectroscopy. The adding of the ferrous sulphate as an agglomerate agent was important led to the formation of the bigger molecules easily removed from the media by simple filtration. The results of the research showed the removal of metal complexes from polluted wastewater in a period ranging between 20-30 minutes and at a moderate pH.(7). As a result, the chemical treatment before and after the adsorption process via the column and the batch methods onto the red clay as solid phase as efficient adsorbents in the removal of these pollutants. The chemical method conceder a quick and efficient method to process and be presented successively.